{"id":1,"date":"2025-03-19T15:29:27","date_gmt":"2025-03-19T15:29:27","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/cisip.xyz\/?p=1"},"modified":"2025-03-26T16:32:40","modified_gmt":"2025-03-26T16:32:40","slug":"ceratitis_capitata","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cisip.xyz\/index.php\/2025\/03\/19\/ceratitis_capitata\/","title":{"rendered":"Mediterranean Fruit Fly"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Ceratitis capitata<\/em> (Wiedemann, 1824)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Expand\/Collapse<\/summary>\n

1. \ud559 \uba85:<\/strong> Ceratitis capitata<\/strong><\/em> (Wiedemann, 1824) <\/strong>[Tephritis<\/em>]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uc774 \uba85:<\/strong> Ceratitis citriperda<\/em> MacLeay, 1829<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                        Ceratitis hispanica<\/em> Breme, 1842<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                        Pardalaspis asparagi<\/em> Bezzi, 1924<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2. \uc77c\ubc18\uba85:<\/strong> Mediterranean fruit fly, Medfly, \uc9c0\uc911\ud574\uacfc\uc2e4\ud30c\ub9ac<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3. \ubd84\ub958\ud559\uc801 \uc704\uce58:<\/strong> Diptera (\ud30c\ub9ac\ubaa9), Tephritidae (\uacfc\uc2e4\ud30c\ub9ac\uacfc)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

4. \ubd84 \ud3ec<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u25cb \uc544\uc2dc\uc544: \uc544\ud504\uac00\ub2c8\uc2a4\ud0c4(\uc5c6\uc74c), \uc911\uad6d(\uc5c6\uc74c), \uc778\ub3c4(\uc5c6\uc74c), \uc774\ub780, \uc774\ub77c\ud06c, \uc774\uc2a4\ub77c\uc5d8, \uc694\ub974\ub2e8, \ub808\ubc14\ub17c, \ud314\ub808\uc2a4\ud0c0\uc778, \uc0ac\uc6b0\ub514\uc544\ub77c\ube44\uc544, \uc2f1\uac00\ud3ec\ub974(\uc5c6\uc74c), \ud55c\uad6d(\uc5c6\uc74c), \uc2dc\ub9ac\uc544, \ud280\ub974\ud0a4\uc608, \uc608\uba58(CABI, 2022)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u25cb \uc720\ub7fd: \uc54c\ubc14\ub2c8\uc544(\uce68\uc785), \uc624\uc2a4\ud2b8\ub9ac\uc544(\uc5c6\uc74c), \ubca8\uae30\uc5d0(\uc5c6\uc74c), \ubcf4\uc2a4\ub2c8\uc544\ud5e4\ub974\uccb4\uace0\ube44\ub098, \ubd88\uac00\ub9ac\uc544, \ud06c\ub85c\uc544\ud2f0\uc544, \ud0a4\ud504\ub85c\uc2a4, \uccb4\ucf54(\uc5c6\uc74c), \ud504\ub791\uc2a4(\ucf54\ub974\uc2dc\uce74), \ub3c5\uc77c(\ubc15\uba78 \uc911), \uadf8\ub9ac\uc2a4, \uac74\uc9c0(Guernsey), \ud5dd\uac00\ub9ac(\uc5c6\uc74c), \uc774\ud0c8\ub9ac\uc544, \ub9ac\ud22c\uc544\ub2c8\uc544(\uc5c6\uc74c), \ub8e9\uc148\ubd80\ub974\ud06c(\uc5c6\uc74c), \ubab0\ud0c0, \ubaac\ud14c\ub124\uadf8\ub85c, \ub124\ub35c\ub780\ub4dc(\uc5c6\uc74c), \ub178\ub974\uc6e8\uc774(\uc5c6\uc74c), \ud3f4\ub780\ub4dc(\uc5c6\uc74c), \ud3ec\ub974\ud22c\uac08, \ub8e8\ub9c8\ub2c8\uc544, \uc138\ub974\ube44\uc544, \uc2ac\ub85c\ubc14\ud0a4\uc544(\uc5c6\uc74c), \uc2ac\ub85c\ubca0\ub2c8\uc544, \uc2a4\ud398\uc778, \uc2a4\uc6e8\ub374(\uc5c6\uc74c), \uc2a4\uc704\uc2a4, \uc6b0\ud06c\ub77c\uc774\ub098(\ubc15\uba78 \uc911), \uc601\uad6d(\uc5c6\uc74c)(CABI, 2022)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u25cb \uc544\ud504\ub9ac\uce74: \uc54c\uc81c\ub9ac, \uc559\uace8\ub77c, \ubcf4\uce20\uc640\ub098, \ubd80\ub974\ud0a4\ub098\ud30c\uc18c, \ubd80\ub8ec\ub514, \uce74\ubcf4\ubca0\ub974\ub370, \uce74\uba54\ub8ec, \ucf54\ubaa8\ub85c, \ucf69\uace0\ubbfc\uc8fc\uacf5\ud654\uad6d, \ucf69\uace0, \ucf54\ud2b8\ub514\ube0c\uc544\ub974, \uc774\uc9d1\ud2b8, \uc5d0\ub9ac\ud2b8\ub808\uc544, \uc5d0\uc2a4\uc640\ud2f0\ub2c8, \uc5d0\ud2f0\uc624\ud53c\uc544, \uac00\ubd09, \uac00\ub098, \uae30\ub2c8, \uae30\ub2c8\ube44\uc0ac\uc6b0, \ucf00\ub0d0, \ub77c\uc774\ubca0\ub9ac\uc544, \ub9ac\ube44\uc544, \ub9c8\ub2e4\uac00\uc2a4\uce74\ub974, \ub9d0\ub77c\uc704, \ub9d0\ub9ac, \ubaa8\ub9ac\uc154\uc2a4, \ubaa8\ub85c\ucf54, \ubaa8\uc7a0\ube44\ud06c, \ub098\ubbf8\ube44\uc544, \ub2c8\uc81c\ub974, \ub098\uc774\uc9c0\ub9ac\uc544, \ub808\uc704\ub2c8\uc639, \ub974\uc644\ub2e4(\uc5c6\uc74c), \uc138\uc778\ud2b8\ud5ec\ub808\ub098, \uc0c1\ud22c\uba54 \ud504\ub9b0\uc2dc\ud398, \uc138\ub124\uac08, \uc2dc\uc2e4\ub9ac, \uc2dc\uc5d0\ub77c\ub9ac\uc628(\uc5c6\uc74c), \ub0a8\uc544\ud504\ub9ac\uce74\uacf5\ud654\uad6d, \uc218\ub2e8, \ud0c4\uc790\ub2c8\uc544, \ud1a0\uace0, \ud280\ub2c8\uc9c0, \uc6b0\uac04\ub2e4, \uc7a0\ube44\uc544, \uc9d0\ubc14\ube0c\uc6e8(CABI, 2022)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u25cb \ubd81\ubbf8: \ubca8\ub9ac\uc988(\ubc15\uba78 \uc911), \ubc84\ubba4\ub2e4(\uc5c6\uc74c), \ucf54\uc2a4\ud0c0\ub9ac\uce74, \ub3c4\ubbf8\ub2c8\uce74\uacf5\ud654\uad6d(\uc5c6\uc74c), \uc5d8\uc0b4\ubc14\ub3c4\ub974, \uacfc\ud14c\ub9d0\ub77c, \uc628\ub450\ub77c\uc2a4, \uc790\uba54\uc774\uce74(\uc5c6\uc74c), \uba55\uc2dc\ucf54(\uc5c6\uc74c), \ub2c8\uce74\ub77c\uacfc, \ud30c\ub098\ub9c8, \ud478\uc5d0\ub974\ud1a0\ub9ac\ucf54(\uc5c6\uc74c), \ubbf8\uad6d(\uce98\ub9ac\ud3ec\ub2c8\uc544(\uc5c6\uc74c), \ud50c\ub85c\ub9ac\ub2e4(\uc5c6\uc74c), \ud558\uc640\uc774, \ud14d\uc0ac\uc2a4(\uc5c6\uc74c)(CABI, 2022)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u25cb \ub0a8\ubbf8: \uc544\ub974\ud5e8\ud2f0\ub098, \ubcfc\ub9ac\ube44\uc544, \ube0c\ub77c\uc9c8, \uce60\ub808(\ubc15\uba78 \uc911), \ucf5c\ub86c\ube44\uc544, \uc5d0\ucf70\ub3c4\ub974, \ud30c\ub77c\uacfc\uc774, \ud398\ub8e8, \uc218\ub9ac\ub0a8(\uc5c6\uc74c), \uc6b0\ub8e8\uacfc\uc774, \ubca0\ub124\uc218\uc5d8\ub77c(CABI, 2022)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u25cb \uc624\uc138\uc544\ub2c8\uc544: \ud638\uc8fc(\ub274\uc0ac\uc6b0\uc2a4\uc6e8\uc77c\uc2a4(\uc5c6\uc74c), \ub178\ub358\uc900\uc8fc(\uc5c6\uc74c), \ud038\uc990\ub79c\ub4dc(\uc5c6\uc74c), \ub0a8\ud638\uc8fc(\uc5c6\uc74c), \ube45\ud1a0\ub9ac\uc544(\uc5c6\uc74c), \uc11c\ud638\uc8fc), \ub274\uc9c8\ub79c\ub4dc(\uc5c6\uc74c), \ubd81\ub9c8\ub9ac\uc544\ub098\uc81c\ub3c4(\uc5c6\uc74c)(CABI, 2022)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

  \u203b \uc9c0\uc911\ud574\uacfc\uc2e4\ud30c\ub9ac\ub294 \uc544\ud504\ub9ac\uce74\uc5d0 \ub110\ub9ac \ud37c\uc838 \uc788\uc73c\uba70, \ub300\ubd80\ubd84\uc758 \uc0ac\ud558\ub77c \uc0ac\ub9c9 \uc774\ub0a8 \uad6d\uac00\ub4e4\uc5d0\uc11c \uace0\uc720\uc885\uc774\ub2e4. \uc774 \ub0b4\uc6a9\uc740 Munro (1953)\uac00 \uc7a0\ube44\uc544 \uc11c\ubd80\uc5d0\uc11c, Hancock et al. (2001)\uc774 \ub098\ubbf8\ube44\uc544\uc5d0\uc11c \uae30\ub85d\ud558\uc600\ub2e4. \ub9ce\uc740 \uc544\ud504\ub9ac\uce74 \uad6d\uac00\ub4e4\uc5d0\uc11c \u2018\uc81c\ud55c\uc801\uc778 \ubd84\ud3ec\u2019\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uae30\ub85d\uc774\ub098 \ubcf4\uace0\uac00 \ubd80\uc871\ud55c \uac83\uc740 \uad00\ucc30\uc758 \ubd80\uc7ac\ubcf4\ub2e4\ub294 \uad00\ucc30\uc758 \ubd80\uc871\uc744 \ubc18\uc601\ud558\uace0 \uc788\ub294 \uac83 \uac19\ub2e4. \uc720\ub7fd, \uc774\uc9d1\ud2b8, \uc911\ub3d9, \ub9c8\ub2e4\uac00\uc2a4\uce74\ub974 \uad6c\uc5ed(Malagasy subregion), \ud638\uc8fc, \uc544\uba54\ub9ac\uce74 \ub300\ub959\uc73c\ub85c\uc758 \ud655\uc0b0\uc740 \ubb34\uc5ed \uc911 \uc6b0\ubc1c\uc801\uc778 \uc6b4\uc1a1\uc758 \uacb0\uacfc\uc77c \uac00\ub2a5\uc131\uc774 \ub192\ub2e4. Jafari and Sabzewari (1982)\ub294 1977\ub144\uc5d0 \ucc98\uc74c \ud0d0\uc9c0\ub41c \uc774\ub780\uc758 Mazandaran \uc9c0\ubc29\uc5d0\uc11c \uc9c0\uc911\ud574\uacfc\uc2e4\ud30c\ub9ac\ub97c \uae30\ub85d\ud558\uc600\ub2e4. Kassim and Soilihi (2000)\ub294 \ucf54\ubaa8\ub85c\uc5d0\uc11c \uc774\ub97c \uae30\ub85d\ud558\uc600\ub2e4(CABI, 2022).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

  \u203b \ube0c\ub77c\uc9c8 \uc544\ub9c8\uc874 \uc9c0\uc5ed\uc758 \uccab \uae30\ub85d\uc740 Rondonia\uc758 \uacbd\uc6b0 1996\ub144(Ronchi-Teles et al., 1996), Para\uc758 \uacbd\uc6b0 1997\ub144\uc774\uc5c8\ub2e4(Gomes Silva et al., 1998). \uc601\uad6d \ub9c8\ub9ac\uc544\ub098 \uc81c\ub3c4\uc5d0\uc11c \uc9c0\uc911\ud574\uacfc\uc2e4\ud30c\ub9ac\ub97c \uae30\ub85d\ud55c CAB International (1984)\uc740 \ubd80\uc815\ud655\ud558\ub2e4(CABI\/EPPO, 1999). \uc218\ub9ac\ub0a8\uc5d0\uc11c \uc9c0\uc911\ud574\uacfc\uc2e4\ud30c\ub9ac\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ubcf4\uace0(\uc608: Gasparich et al., 1997)\ub294 \uc6d0\ub798 \uc798\ubabb \ub77c\ubca8\ub9c1\ub41c \uce98\ub9ac\ud3ec\ub2c8\uc544 \ud45c\ubcf8\uc744 \uc5b8\uae09\ud558\uc600\ub2e4. 1937\ub144\uacfc 1966\ub144 \uc0ac\uc774 \uc6b0\ud06c\ub77c\uc774\ub098(Fischer-Colbrie and Busch-Petersen, 1989)\uc5d0\uc11c, 1975\ub144 \uc774\ud6c4 \uce98\ub9ac\ud3ec\ub2c8\uc544\uc5d0\uc11c, 1929\ub144 \uc774\ud6c4 \ud50c\ub85c\ub9ac\ub2e4\uc5d0\uc11c, 1966\ub144 \uc774\ud6c4 \ud14d\uc0ac\uc2a4\uc5d0\uc11c \uac04\ud5d0\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uae30\ub85d\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4(Gasparich et al., 1997). \uc218\ub9ce\uc740 \ubc15\uba78 \ucea0\ud398\uc778\uc5d0\ub3c4 \ubd88\uad6c\ud558\uace0 \uc9c0\uc911\ud574\uacfc\uc2e4\ud30c\ub9ac\ub294 \ud604\uc7ac \uce98\ub9ac\ud3ec\ub2c8\uc544\uc5d0 \uc791\uace0 \uac70\uc758 \uac10\uc9c0\ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\ub294 \uac1c\uccb4\uad70\uc73c\ub85c \uc815\ucc29\ub418\uc5b4 \ub110\ub9ac \ud37c\uc838 \uc788\ub2e4\uace0 \uc8fc\uc7a5\ub418\uc5b4 \uc654\ub2e4(Papadopoulos et al., 2013)(CABI, 2022).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

 \u203b \uce60\ub808\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 1963\ub144\ubd80\ud130 1995\ub144\uae4c\uc9c0 \uc874\uc7ac\ud558\uc600\ub2e4(Diaz et al., 1999). \ud638\uc8fc \ub274\uc0ac\uc6b0\uc2a4\uc6e8\uc77c\uc988\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 1898\ub144\uc5d0 \ucc98\uc74c \uae30\ub85d\ub418\uc5c8\uc73c\uba70, 1948\ub144\uacbd\uc5d0 \uc0ac\ub77c\uc84c\ub2e4(Orian and Moutia, 1960; Permkam and Hancock, 1994). \ud638\uc8fc \ud038\uc990\ub79c\ub4dc\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uc774\uc804\uc5d0 \ub0a8\ub3d9\ubd80\uc5d0 \uc874\uc7ac\ud588\uc73c\uba70, 1909\ub144\uc5d0 \ucc98\uc74c \uae30\ub85d\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub294 1930\ub144\ub300\uc5d0 \uc0ac\ub77c\uc84c\ub2e4(Permkam and Hancock, 1994). \ub0a8\ud638\uc8fc\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uac00\ub054 \ub300\ubc1c\uc0dd\uc774 \uc77c\uc5b4\ub09c\ub2e4. \ud638\uc8fc \ube45\ud1a0\ub9ac\uc544\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 1909\ub144\uc5d0 \ucc98\uc74c \uae30\ub85d\ub418\uc5c8\uace0, 1940\ub144\ub300\uc5d0 \uc0ac\ub77c\uc84c\ub2e4(Permkam and Hancock, 1994). \ub274\uc9c8\ub79c\ub4dc\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \ubc15\uba78\ub418\uc5c8\uc73c\ub098, 1996\ub144\uc5d0 \ub300\ubc1c\uc0dd\uc774 \uc788\uc5c8\ub2e4(Holder et al., 1997). \uc790\uba54\uc774\uce74\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uc9c0\uc911\ud574\uacfc\uc2e4\ud30c\ub9ac \uac10\uc2dc \ud504\ub85c\uadf8\ub7a8\uc774 2000\ub144\ubd80\ud130 \uc9c4\ud589\ub418\uc5b4 \uc654\uc9c0\ub9cc, \uc774 \ud574\ucda9\uc774 \uadf8\uacf3\uc5d0\uc11c \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud55c\ub2e4\ub294 \uc5b4\ub5a0\ud55c \uc99d\uac70\ub3c4 \ubc1d\ud600\uc9c0\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc558\ub2e4(\uc790\uba54\uc774\uce74 \ub18d\uc5c5\ubd80 \uc2dd\ubb3c\uac80\uc5ed\uc0ac\ubb34\uc18c\uc7a5 C Thomas\uc758 \uc0ac\uacac, 2004)(CABI, 2022).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

 \u203b Compendium\uc758 \uc774\uc804 \ubc84\uc804\uc5d0 \uac8c\uc2dc\ub41c \uc911\uad6d Hubei\uc5d0\uc11c \uc9c0\uc911\ud574\uacfc\uc2e4\ud30c\ub9ac\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uae30\ub85d(Lu et al., 2006; CABI\/EPPO, 2015)\uc740 \uc720\ud6a8\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub2e4. Lu et al. (2006)\uc758 \ub17c\ubb38\uc740 \uc9c0\uc911\ud574\uacfc\uc2e4\ud30c\ub9ac\uac00 \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c \uc911\uad6d\uade4\uacfc\uc2e4\ud30c\ub9ac(Bactrocera minax<\/em>)\ub97c \uc758\ubbf8\ud55c\ub2e4(CABI, 2022).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u203b \uc720\ub7fd\uc5d0\uc11c\uc758 \uc874\uc7ac\ub294 1842\ub144\uc5d0 \ucc98\uc74c \ubcf4\uace0\ub418\uc5c8\uc9c0\ub9cc(Fimiani, 1989), \uc9c0\uc911\ud574\uacfc\uc2e4\ud30c\ub9ac\ub85c \uc778\ud55c \ud53c\ud574\ub294 \uc801\uc5b4\ub3c4 1772\ub144 \uc774\ud6c4 \ud504\ub791\uc2a4 \ub0a8\ubd80\uc5d0\uc11c \uc54c\ub824\uc84c\ub2e4(Fischer-Colbrie and Busch-Petersen, 1989). \uc0ac\ud558\ub77c \uc0ac\ub9c9 \uc774\ub0a8 \uc9c0\uc5ed\uc5d0 \ube44\ud574 \uc774\uc9d1\ud2b8 \uac1c\uccb4\uad70\uc5d0\uc11c mtDNA \ubc18\uc218\uccb4\ud615\uc758 \ub2e4\uc591\uc131\uc774 \uc0c1\ub300\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ubd80\uc871\ud558\ub2e4\ub294 \uc810(Gasparich et al., 1997)\uc740 \uadf8\uac83\uc774 \uc624\ub7ab\ub3d9\uc548 \uc54c\ub824\uc9c4 \uacf3\uc73c\ub85c\ubd80\ud130 \uc774\uc9d1\ud2b8\ub85c \uc720\uc785\ub418\uc5c8\uc74c\uc744 \uc2dc\uc0ac\ud55c\ub2e4(Fimiani, 1989). \uc9c0\uc911\ud574\uacfc\uc2e4\ud30c\ub9ac\ub294 1842\ub144\uc5d0 \uc2a4\ud398\uc778\uc5d0\uc11c \ud0d0\uc9c0\ub41c \uc774\ud6c4, 1863\ub144 \uc774\uc804\uc5d0 \uc774\ud0c8\ub9ac\uc544, 1885\ub144 \uc774\uc804\uc5d0 \ud504\ub791\uc2a4, 1898\ub144\uc5d0 \ud3ec\ub974\ud22c\uac08, 1900\ub144 \uc774\uc804\uc5d0 \uc774\uc2a4\ub77c\uc5d8, 1904\ub144\uc5d0 \ud280\ub974\ud0a4\uc608, 1914\ub144 \uc774\uc804\uc5d0 \ud0a4\ud504\ub85c\uc2a4, 1915\ub144\uc5d0 \uadf8\ub9ac\uc2a4\uc5d0\uc11c \ud655\uc778\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4(Fimiani, 1989). \uc720\ub7fd\uacfc \uc911\ub3d9 \uac1c\uccb4\uad70\uc740 \ubd81\uc544\ud504\ub9ac\uce74\uac00 \uc544\ub2cc \uc774\uc9d1\ud2b8 \uac1c\uccb4\uad70\uacfc \uc720\uc0ac\ud55c mtDNA \ubc18\uc218\uccb4\ud615\uc744 \uac00\uc9c0\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4(Gasparich et al., 1997). \uc774\ub294 \ucd5c\ucd08\uc758 \uc720\ub7fd \uac1c\uccb4\uad70(\uc544\ub9c8\ub3c4 \ud504\ub791\uc2a4)\uc774 1770\ub144\ub300 \uc774\uc804\uc5d0 \uc774\uc9d1\ud2b8\uc5d0\uc11c \uc654\uac70\ub098, \uc774\uc9d1\ud2b8 \uac1c\uccb4\uad70\uc774 19\uc138\uae30 \uc911 \uc5b4\ub290 \uc2dc\uc810\uc5d0 \uc720\ub7fd\uc73c\ub85c\ubd80\ud130 \uc654\uc744 \uac00\ub2a5\uc131\uc774 \ub354 \ub192\ub2e4\ub294 \uac83\uc744 \uc554\uc2dc\ud55c\ub2e4. \uc6b0\ud06c\ub77c\uc774\ub098\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 1937\ub144\uc5d0\uc11c 1966\ub144 \uc0ac\uc774\uc5d0 \uac04\ud5d0\uc801\uc778 \ub300\ubc1c\uc0dd\uc774 \uc788\uc5c8\ub2e4(Fischer-Colbrie and Busch-Petersen, 1989). mtDNA \ubc18\uc218\uccb4\ud615\uc758 \ub370\uc774\ud130(Gasparich et al., 1997)\ub294 \uc11c\uc544\ud504\ub9ac\uce74\uac00 \uc6d0\ub798 \uc720\ub7fd-\uc774\uc9d1\ud2b8 \uac1c\uccb4\uad70\uc758 \ucd9c\ucc98\uc77c \uac00\ub2a5\uc131\uc774 \uc788\uc74c\uc744 \uc2dc\uc0ac\ud558\uba70, Gasperi et al. (2002)\uc5d0 \uc758\ud574\uc11c\ub3c4 \uc544\ud504\ub9ac\uce74 \ucd9c\ucc98\uac00 \uc81c\uc548\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u203b \ubd81\uc544\ud504\ub9ac\uce74\uc5d0\uc11c \uc9c0\uc911\ud574\uacfc\uc2e4\ud30c\ub9ac\uc758 \uc874\uc7ac\ub294 1855\ub144\uc5d0 \ud280\ub2c8\uc9c0, 1850\ub144\ub300 \ud6c4\ubc18\uc5d0 \uc54c\uc81c\ub9ac\uc5d0\uc11c \ucc98\uc74c \ubcf4\uace0\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4(Fimiani, 1989). \uc774 \uac1c\uccb4\uad70\uc758 \ud2b9\uc774\ud55c mtDNA \ubc18\uc218\uccb4\ud615(Gasparich et al., 1997)\uc740 \uc720\ub7fd\uc744 \ud1b5\ud55c \uce68\uc785\uacfc \uad00\ub828\uc774 \uc5c6\uc73c\uba70, \uc544\ub9c8\ub3c4 \uc11c\uc544\ud504\ub9ac\uce74\uc5d0\uc11c \uc9c1\uc811 \uce68\uc785\ud588\uc744 \uac00\ub2a5\uc131\uc774 \uc788\uc74c\uc744 \uc2dc\uc0ac\ud55c\ub2e4. \uc9c0\uc911\ud574\uacfc\uc2e4\ud30c\ub9ac\uac00 \uc57d 1829\ub144\ubd80\ud130 \uc874\uc7ac\ud588\ub358 \ub9c8\ub370\uc774\ub77c\uc640 \uc544\uc870\ub808\uc2a4 \uc81c\ub3c4\uc758 \uac1c\uccb4\uad70\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ucd9c\ucc98\ub294 \uacb0\uc815\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc558\ub2e4(MacLeay, 1829; Fimiani, 1989).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u203b \ub9c8\ub2e4\uac00\uc2a4\uce74\ub974 \uad6c\uc5ed\uc5d0\uc11c \uc9c0\uc911\ud574\uacfc\uc2e4\ud30c\ub9ac\ub294 \ub9c8\ub2e4\uac00\uc2a4\uce74\ub974, \ucf54\ubaa8\ub85c, \ubaa8\ub9ac\uc154\uc2a4, \ub808\uc704\ub2c8\uc639\uc5d0 \uc720\uc785\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uc720\uc785 \uc2dc\uae30\ub294 \uc54c\ub824\uc838 \uc788\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc73c\ub098, \ub808\uc704\ub2c8\uc639\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 1939\ub144\uacbd(De Meyer, 2000), \ubaa8\ub9ac\uc154\uc2a4\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 1942\ub144\uacbd(Orian and Moutia, 1960)\uc5d0 \uc815\ucc29\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub4e4 \uac1c\uccb4\uad70\uc758 \ucd9c\ucc98\ub294 \ud655\uc778\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc558\uc9c0\ub9cc, \uc544\ud504\ub9ac\uce74 \ub3d9\ubd80\ub098 \ub0a8\ubd80\uc77c \uac00\ub2a5\uc131\uc774 \ub192\ub2e4. \ub808\uc704\ub2c8\uc639 \uac1c\uccb4\uad70\uc740 \uc720\ub7fd\uc774\ub098 \ubd81\uc544\ud504\ub9ac\uce74 \uac1c\uccb4\uad70\ubcf4\ub2e4 \uc720\uc804\uc801 \ub2e4\uc591\uc131\uc774 \ub354 \ub192\ub2e4(Salah Oukil et al., 2002).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u203b \uc9c0\uc911\ud574\uacfc\uc2e4\ud30c\ub9ac\ub294 1896\ub144\uc5d0 \uc11c\ud638\uc8fc\uc640 1898\ub144\uc5d0 \ub274\uc0ac\uc6b0\uc2a4\uc6e8\uc77c\uc2a4\uc5d0\uc11c \ucc98\uc74c \uae30\ub85d\ub418\uc5c8\uc73c\uba70, 1909\ub144\uacbd \ud038\uc990\ub79c\ub4dc \ub0a8\ub3d9\ubd80\uc640 \ube45\ud1a0\ub9ac\uc544 \uc9c0\uc5ed\uc73c\ub85c \ud655\uc0b0\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4(Permkam and Hancock, 1994). \uc774 \uc885\uc740 1948\ub144 \uc774\uc804\uc5d0 \ub3d9\ubd80 \uc8fc\ub4e4\uc5d0\uc11c \uc0ac\ub77c\uc84c\ub294\ub370, \uc544\ub9c8\ub3c4 \ubcf4\ub2e4 \ud6a8\uacfc\uc801\uc778 \ubc29\uc81c \uc870\uce58 \ubc0f \ud038\uc990\ub79c\ub4dc\uacfc\uc2e4\ud30c\ub9ac(Bactrocera tryoni<\/em>)\uc640 \uacbd\uc7c1\uc758 \uacb0\uacfc\uc600\uc744 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4(Orian and Moutia, 1960; Permkam and Hancock, 1994). \ud638\uc8fc \uac1c\uccb4\uad70\uc740 \uc720\ub7fd\ubcf4\ub2e4 \uc544\ud504\ub9ac\uce74 \ub0a8\ubd80\uc5d0\uc11c \uc720\ub798\ud588\uc744 \uac00\ub2a5\uc131\uc774 \ub354 \ub192\ub2e4. \ub0a8\ud638\uc8fc\uc5d0\uc11c \uac00\ub054 \ub300\ubc1c\uc0dd\uc740 \ubc15\uba78\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u203b \ud558\uc640\uc774\uc5d0\uc11c \uc9c0\uc911\ud574\uacfc\uc2e4\ud30c\ub9ac\uc758 \uccab \ubc88\uc9f8 \uae30\ub85d\uc740 1907\ub144\uc774\ub2e4(Gasparich et al., 1997). \uc6d0\ub798 \ud638\uc8fc\uac00 \ucd9c\ucc98\ub85c \uc5ec\uaca8\uc84c\uc73c\ub098(Harris, 1989), mtDNA \ubc18\uc218\uccb4\ud615\uc774 \ud604\uc7ac \uc11c\ud638\uc8fc \uac1c\uccb4\uad70\uc758 \uac83\uacfc \ub9e4\uc6b0 \ub2e4\ub974\uba70(Gasparich et al., 1997), \ube0c\ub77c\uc9c8\uc774 \ucd9c\ucc98\uc77c \uac00\ub2a5\uc131\uc774 \ub354 \ub192\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u203b \uc9c0\uc911\ud574\uacfc\uc2e4\ud30c\ub9ac\ub294 \ube0c\ub77c\uc9c8\uc5d0\uc11c 1901\ub144 \ub610\ub294 1905\ub144 \uc774\ud6c4(Enkerlin et al., 1989), \uc544\ub974\ud5e8\ud2f0\ub098\uc5d0\uc11c 1934\ub144 \uc774\ud6c4(De Longo et al., 2000) \uc54c\ub824\uc84c\ub2e4. \uc774 \ub610\ud55c \uc11c\uc544\ud504\ub9ac\uce74\uc5d0\uc11c \uc720\ub798\ud55c \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf4\uc778\ub2e4. \ube0c\ub77c\uc9c8\uacfc \ud558\uc640\uc774\uc5d0\uc11c \ubc1c\uacac\ub418\ub294 \uac83\uacfc \uc720\uc0ac\ud55c mtDNA \ubc18\uc218\uccb4\ud615\uc744 \uac00\uc9c4 \uc9d1\ub2e8\uc774 \ubca0\ub124\uc218\uc5d8\ub77c\uc5d0\uc11c \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud55c\ub2e4(Gasparich et al., 1997). \ucf5c\ub86c\ube44\uc544, \uc5d0\ucf70\ub3c4\ub974, \ud398\ub8e8\uc5d0\uc11c \ubc1c\uacac\ub41c \uac1c\uccb4\uad70\uc6b4 \ud638\uc8fc \uac1c\uccb4\uad70\uacfc \uac70\uc758 \uc720\uc0ac\ud55c mtDNA \ubc18\uc218\uccb4\ud615\uc744 \uac00\uc9c0\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4(Gasparich et al., 1997). 1963\ub144\ubd80\ud130 \uce60\ub808\uc5d0 \uc874\uc7ac\ud588\ub358 \uac1c\uccb4\uad70\uc740 1995\ub144\uc5d0 \ubc15\uba78\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4(Diaz et al., 1999). \uc911\ubbf8\uc5d0\uc11c mtDNA \ubc18\uc218\uccb4\ud615\uc740 \ub610 \ub2e4\ub974\uba70(Gasparich et al., 1997), \uc720\ub7fd, \uc774\uc9d1\ud2b8, \uc911\ub3d9\uc5d0\uc11c \uc6b0\uc810\uc778 \uac83\uacfc \uc720\uc0ac\ud558\ub2e4. 1955\ub144 \ucf54\uc2a4\ud0c0\ub9ac\uce74, 1960\ub144 \ub2c8\uce74\ub77c\uacfc, 1963\ub144 \ud30c\ub098\ub9c8, 1975\ub144 \uc5d8\uc0b4\ubc14\ub3c4\ub974, 1976\ub144 \uacfc\ud14c\ub9d0\ub77c, 1977\ub144 \uba55\uc2dc\ucf54\uc5d0\uc11c \ucc98\uc74c \ubc1c\uacac\ub418\uc5c8\uc73c\uba70, \uc774\ub4e4 \uc9c0\uc5ed\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \ubd09\uc1c4(suppression)\ub85c \uc778\ud574 \ucd94\uac00 \ud655\uc0b0\uc774 \uc5b5\uc81c\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4(Enkerlin et al., 1989).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u203b \ubd81\ubbf8\ub85c\uc758 \uce68\uc785\uc740 \uac01\uac01 1929\ub144, 1966\ub144, 1975\ub144\uc5d0 \ud50c\ub85c\ub9ac\ub2e4, \ud14d\uc0ac\uc2a4, \uce98\ub9ac\ud3ec\ub2c8\uc544\uc5d0\uc11c \uac04\ud5d0\uc801\uc778 \uac00\ud574\ub97c \uae30\ub85d\ud55c Gasparich et al. (1997)\uc5d0 \uc758\ud574 \ubb38\uc11c\ud654\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4. \ud50c\ub85c\ub9ac\ub2e4\uc5d0\uc11c mtDNA \ubc18\uc218\uccb4\ud615\uc740 \uc5ec\ub7ec \ucd9c\ucc98\ub97c \uc554\uc2dc\ud55c\ub2e4. 1962\uff5e1963\ub144\uc758 \uac1c\uccb4\uad70\uc740 \ud2b9\uc774\ud55c \ubd81\uc544\ud504\ub9ac\uce74 \ub610\ub294 \ub77c\uc774\ubca0\ub9ac\uc544 \uac1c\uccb4\uad70\uacfc \uc720\uc0ac\ud588\uc9c0\ub9cc, \uc774\ud6c4\uc758 \ub300\ubc1c\uc0dd \ub610\ub294 \ud0d0\uc9c0 \uac74\uc740 \ubca0\ub124\uc218\uc5d8\ub77c(1984, 1994) \ub610\ub294 \ucf5c\ub86c\ube44\uc544(1990)\uc758 \uac83\uacfc \uc720\uc0ac\ud588\ub2e4. \uce98\ub9ac\ud3ec\ub2c8\uc544\uc5d0\uc11c 1975\ub144\ubd80\ud130 1996\ub144 \uc0ac\uc774 \ub85c\uc2a4\uc564\uc824\ub808\uc2a4\uc5d0\uc11c \ub300\ubc1c\uc0dd\ud55c mtDNA \ubc18\uc218\uccb4\ud615\uc740 \uc911\ubbf8\uc758 \uac83\uacfc \uc720\uc0ac\ud588\ub2e4. 1993\ub144\uacfc 1998\ub144\uc758 \uc77c\ubd80 \uc0ac\ub840\ub294 \ud558\uc640\uc774\uc758 \uc0ac\ub840\uc640 \uc720\uc0ac\ud588\uace0, 1992\ub144 \uc0cc\ud504\ub780\uc2dc\uc2a4\ucf54\uc758 \ub300\ubc1c\uc0dd \uc0ac\ub840\ub294 \ucf5c\ub86c\ube44\uc544\uc758 \uc0ac\ub840\uc640 \uc720\uc0ac\ud588\ub2e4(Gasparich et al., 1997; Davies et al., 1999; Meixner et al., 2002). \uacfc\ud14c\ub9d0\ub77c\uac00 \ucd9c\ucc98\uc77c \uac00\ub2a5\uc131\uc774 \uc788\ub294 \uc815\ucc29\ub41c \uac1c\uccb4\uad70\uc774 \ub85c\uc2a4\uc564\uc824\ub808\uc2a4 \ubd84\uc9c0\uc5d0 \uc874\uc7ac\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4(Bonizzoni et al., 2001). \ubc84\ubba4\ub2e4\uc640 \ub274\uc9c8\ub79c\ub4dc\uc758 \uad6d\uc9c0\uc801 \ub300\ubc1c\uc0dd\uc740 \ubc15\uba78\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4(Hilburn and Dow, 1990; Holder et al., 1997).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

5. \uae30 \uc8fc<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u25cb \uc8fc\uae30\uc8fc: Annona cherimola <\/em>(cherimoya), Capsicum annuum<\/em> (\uace0\ucd94), Cydonia oblonga<\/em> (\ud138\ubaa8\uacfc), Ficus carica<\/em> (\ubb34\ud654\uacfc), Malus domestica<\/em> (\uc0ac\uacfc\ub098\ubb34), Prunus<\/em> (\ud575\uacfc\ub958), Prunus salicina<\/em> (\uc790\ub450\ub098\ubb34), Psidium guajava<\/em> (\uad6c\uc544\ubc14), Theobroma cacao<\/em> (\uce74\uce74\uc624), (CABI, 2022)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u25cb \uae30\ud0c0 \uc601\ud5a5\uc744 \ubc1b\ub294 \uae30\uc8fc: Acca sellowiana <\/em>(\ud30c\uc778\uc560\ud50c\uad6c\uc544\ubc14), Actinidia deliciosa <\/em>(\ud0a4\uc704), Anacardium occidentale<\/em> (\uce90\uc288\ub11b), Annona muricata<\/em> (\uadf8\ub77c\ube44\uc62c\ub77c), Annona reticulata <\/em>(bullock\u2019s heart), Annona squamosa<\/em> (\uc288\uac00\uc560\ud50c), Artocarpus altilis<\/em> (breadfruit), Blighia sapida <\/em>(akee apple), Butia eriospatha<\/em>, Calophyllum<\/em> (beauty-leaf), Capsicum chinense<\/em> (habanero pepper), Capsicum frutescens<\/em> (chilli), Carica papaya<\/em> (\ud30c\ud30c\uc57c), Carissa edulis<\/em> (egyptian carissa), Carissa spinarum<\/em>, Carissa tetramera<\/em>, Carya illinoinensis<\/em> (\ud53c\uce78), Casimiroa edulis<\/em> (\uce74\uc2dc\ubbf8\ub85c\uc544), Chrysophyllum cainito<\/em> (\uc2a4\ud0c0\uc560\ud50c), Chrysophyllum oliviforme<\/em>, Citrus aurantium<\/em> (\uad11\uade4), Citrus limetta<\/em> (sweet lemon tree), Citrus limon<\/em> (\ub808\ubaac), Citrus nobilis<\/em> (tangor), Citrus reticulata<\/em> (\ub9cc\ub2e4\ub9b0), Citrus reticulata x paradisi<\/em> (tangelo), Citrus sinensis<\/em> (\uc624\ub80c\uc9c0), Clausena lansium<\/em> (wampi), Coccinia microphylla<\/em>, Coffea arabica<\/em> (\ucee4\ud53c\ub098\ubb34), Coffea liberica <\/em>(Liberian coffee tree), Crateva tapia<\/em>, Cucumis<\/em> (melons, cucuimbers, gerkins), Cyphomandra<\/em>, Cyphomandra betacea<\/em> (tree tomato), Dimocarpus longan<\/em> (\uc6a9\uc548), Diospyros <\/em>(malabar ebony), Diospyros kaki <\/em>(\uac10\ub098\ubb34), Diospyros virginiana<\/em> (\ubc84\uc9c0\ub2c8\uc544\uac10\ub098\ubb34), Dovyalis caffra<\/em> (kei apple), Durio zibethinus<\/em> (\ub450\ub9ac\uc548), Eriobotrya japonica<\/em> (\ube44\ud30c\ub098\ubb34), Eugenia brasiliensis<\/em> (brazil cherry), Eugenia uniflora<\/em> (\uc218\ub9ac\ub0a8\uccb4\ub9ac), Feijoa sellowiana<\/em> (Horn of plenty), Fortunella<\/em> (kumquats), Fortunella japonica<\/em> (\ub465\uadfc\uae08\uac10), Garcinia brasiliensis<\/em>, Garcinia elliptica<\/em>, Garcinia mangostana<\/em> (\ub9dd\uace0\uc2a4\ud2f4), Grewia trichocarpa<\/em>, Juglans nigra<\/em> (\ud751\ud638\ub450\ub098\ubb34), Juglans regia<\/em> (\ud638\ub450\ub098\ubb34), Litchi chinensis<\/em> (\ub9ac\uce58), Lycium barbarum<\/em> (\uad6c\uae30\uc790\ub098\ubb34), Malpighia glabra<\/em> (acerola), Malus floribunda <\/em>(\uaf43\uc0ac\uacfc\ub098\ubb34), Malus sylvestris<\/em> (crab-apple tree), Mangifera indica<\/em> (\ub9dd\uace0), Manilkara zapota<\/em> (sapodilla), Mespilus germanica<\/em> (medlar), Momordica charantia<\/em> (\uc5ec\uc8fc), Morus nigra<\/em> (\uac80\ubf55\ub098\ubb34), Muntingia calabura<\/em> (Jamaica cherry), Nephelium lappaceum<\/em> (\ub78c\ubd80\ud0c4), Olea europaea<\/em> subsp. europaea<\/em> (\uc62c\ub9ac\ube0c\ub098\ubb34), Opuntia<\/em> (Pricklypear), Opuntia ficus-indica<\/em> (\uc120\uc778\uc7a5), Oxyanthus zanguebaricus<\/em>, Passiflora caerulea<\/em> (\uc2dc\uacc4\uaf43), Passiflora edulis<\/em> (\ud328\uc158\ud504\ub8e8\ud2b8), Passiflora ligularis<\/em> (sweet granadilla), Persea americana<\/em> (\uc544\ubcf4\uce74\ub3c4), Phoenix dactylifera<\/em> (date-palm), Phyllanthus acidus<\/em> (\uc778\ub514\uc5b8\uad6c\uc988\ubca0\ub9ac), Physalis peruviana<\/em> (\ud398\ub8e8\uaf48\ub9ac), Pouteria caimito<\/em>, Pouteria sapota<\/em> (mammey sapote), Pouteria viridis<\/em> (green sapote), Prunus armeniaca<\/em> (\uc0b4\uad6c\ub098\ubb34), Prunus avium<\/em> (\uc591\uc575\ub450), Prunus persica<\/em> (\ubcf5\uc22d\uc544\ub098\ubb34), Psidium cattleianum<\/em> (\ube0c\ub77c\uc9c8\uad6c\uc544\ubc14), Punica granatum<\/em> (\uc11d\ub958), Pyrus communis<\/em> (\uc11c\uc591\ubc30\ub098\ubb34), Pyrus pyrifolia<\/em> (\ubc30\ub098\ubb34), Pyrus syriaca<\/em>, Rubus idaeus<\/em> (\ub77c\uc988\ubca0\ub9ac), Rubus loganobaccus<\/em> (loganberry), Rubus lucidus<\/em>, Santalum album<\/em> (\ubc31\ub2e8\ud5a5), Solanum aethiopicum<\/em> (african scarlet eggplant), Solanum incanum<\/em> (\ub178\ub791\uae4c\ub9c8\uc911), Solanum lycopersicum<\/em> (\ud1a0\ub9c8\ud1a0), Solanum melongena<\/em> (\uac00\uc9c0), Solanum muricatum<\/em> (\ud398\ud53c\ub178), Solanum nigrum<\/em> (\uae4c\ub9c8\uc911), Sorocea bonplandii<\/em>, Spondias dulcis<\/em> (\uc554\ubc14\ub810\ub77c), Spondias purpurea<\/em> (red mombin), Spondias tuberosa<\/em>, Syzygium cumini<\/em> (black plum), Syzygium jambos<\/em> (rose apple), Syzygium malaccense<\/em> (\ub9d0\ub808\uc774\uc560\ud50c), Syzygium samarangense<\/em> (water apple), Thevetia peruviana<\/em> (yellow oleander), Vaccinium corymbosum<\/em> (\ube14\ub8e8\ubca0\ub9ac), Vitis vinifera<\/em> (\ud3ec\ub3c4\ub098\ubb34), Ximenia caffra<\/em>, Ziziphus joazeiro<\/em>, Ziziphus jujuba<\/em> (\ubb0f\ub300\ucd94\ub098\ubb34), Ziziphus mauritiana<\/em> (jujube) (CABI, 2022)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u25cb \uc57c\uc0dd\uae30\uc8fc: Acokanthera oppositifolia<\/em>, Acokanthera ouabaio<\/em>, Antidesma dallachiana<\/em>, Antidesma venosum<\/em>, Argania spinosa<\/em> (argan tree), Artabotrys monteiroae<\/em>, Azima tetracantha<\/em> (beehanger), Brucea antidysenterica<\/em>, Calophyllum inophyllum<\/em> (Alexandrian laurel), Calophyllum tacamahaca<\/em>, Capparis mariana<\/em>, Capparis sepiaria<\/em> (indian caper), Carissa carandas<\/em> (caranda (plum)), Carissa macrocarpa<\/em> (Natal plum), Chrysobalanus icaco<\/em> (coco plum), Chrysophyllum carpussum<\/em>, Chrysophyllum viridifolium<\/em>, Cinnamomum verum<\/em> (cinnamon), Clausena anisata<\/em> (horsewood), Coccoloba uvifera<\/em> (\ubc14\ub2e4\ud3ec\ub3c4), Cola natalensis<\/em>, Cucumis dipsaceus<\/em> (hedgehog gourd), Diospyros abyssinica<\/em>, Diospyros mespiliformis<\/em> (ebony diospiros), Diospyros pallens<\/em>, Dovyalis hebecarpa <\/em>(ketembilla), Drypetes natalensis<\/em>, Ekebergia capensis<\/em>, Englerophytum magalismontanum<\/em>, Euclea divinorum<\/em>, Eugenia paniculata<\/em>, Filicium decipiens<\/em>, Flacourtia indica<\/em> (governor\u2019s plum), Flagellaria guineensis<\/em>, Flueggea virosa<\/em>, Garcinia livingstonei<\/em> (african mangosteen), Guettarda speciosa<\/em>, Harpephyllum caffrum<\/em>, Harrisonia abyssinica<\/em>, Lamprothamnus zanguebaricus<\/em>, Ludia mauritiana<\/em>, Lycium<\/em> (boxthorn), Lycium europaeum<\/em> (european boxthorn), Lycium ferocissimum<\/em> (African boxthorn), Manilkara butugi<\/em>, Manilkara sansibarensis, Manilkara sulcata, Mimusops, Mimusops bagshawei, Mimusops caffra, Mimusops elengi <\/em>(spanish cherry), Mimusops fruticosa, Mimusops kummel, Mimusops obtusifolia, Mimusops zeyheri, Monodora grandidieri, Myrianthus arboreus, Olea woodiana, Opilia amentacea, Pentarhopalopilia umbellulata, Pithecollobium dulce, Podocarpus elongatus <\/em>(african yellow wood), Polysphaeria parvifolia, Pouteria campechiana <\/em>(canistel), Prunus africana <\/em>(red stinkwood), Salacia elegans, Scaevola plumieri, Scaevola taccada <\/em>(beach naupaka), Sideroxylon inerme, Solanum macrocarpon <\/em>(local garden egg), Solanum mauritianum <\/em>(\ub465\uadfc\uac00\uc2dc\uac00\uc9c0), Solanum pseudocapsicum <\/em>(\uc625\ucc9c\uc575\ub450), Solanum seaforthianum <\/em>(Brazilian nightshade), Strychnos decussata, Strychnos henningsii, Strychnos potatorum, Strychnos pungens, Synsepalum dulcificum <\/em>(\ubbf8\ub77c\ud074\ud478\ub8e8\ud2b8), Terminalia catappa <\/em>(Singapore almond), Vangueria infausta <\/em>(African medlar), Vepris lanceolata<\/em> (CABI, 2022)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u25cb \uc798 \uc54c\ub824\uc9c0\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc740 \uae30\uc8fc: Actinidia chinensis<\/em> (\uc591\ub2e4\ub798), Annona senegalensis<\/em> (wild custard apple), Arbutus unedo<\/em> (\uc6b0\ub124\ub3c4\ub538\uae30\ub098\ubb34), Arenga pinnata<\/em> (sugar palm), Asparagus<\/em>, Averrhoa bilimbi<\/em> (bilimbi), Averrhoa carambola<\/em> (\uce74\ub78c\ubcfc\ub77c), Banksia prionotes<\/em>, Bequaertiodendron magalismontanum<\/em>, Berchemia discolor<\/em>, Byrsonima crassifolia<\/em> (wild cherry), Campomanesia sessiliflora<\/em>, Cananga odorata<\/em> (\uc77c\ub791\uc77c\ub791), Capparis spinosa<\/em> (Caper bush), Capparis tomentosa<\/em> (woolly caper bush), Capsicum<\/em> (\uace0\ucd94\uc18d), Carissa bispinosa<\/em>, Cassine schweinfurthiana<\/em>, Cestrum<\/em> (jessamine), Chrysophyllum gonocarpum<\/em>, Citharexylum myrianthum<\/em>, Citrofortunella mitis<\/em>, Citrus madurensis<\/em> (\ub465\uadfc\uae08\uac10), Citrus myrtifolia<\/em>, Citrus reshni<\/em> (Cleopatra mandarin), Citrus unshiu<\/em> (\uc628\uc8fc\ubc00\uac10), Citrus x paradisi<\/em> (\uc790\ubabd), Coccinia grandis<\/em> (scarlet-fruited ivy gourd), Coffea canephora<\/em> (robusta coffee), Coffea racemosa<\/em>, Corallocarpus ellipticus<\/em>, Cordia sebestena<\/em> (Geiger tree), Crataegus pubescens<\/em>, Cucumis melo<\/em> (\ucc38\uc678), Cydonia<\/em> (quince), Diospyros decandra<\/em>, Eriobotrya<\/em>, Eugenia involucrata<\/em>, Eugenia pyriformis, Eugenia stipitata, Ficus <\/em>(\ubb34\ud654\uacfc\uc18d), Garcinia xanthochymus<\/em>, Gmelina arborea<\/em> (candahar), Gossypium<\/em> (\ubaa9\ud654\uc18d), Hancornia speciosa<\/em>, Hexachlamys edulis<\/em>, Inga<\/em>, Inga laurina<\/em> (Spanish oak), Inga ruiziana, Inga sellowiana<\/em>, Juglans australis<\/em>, Latania loddigesii, Licania tomentosa, Malpighia, Malpighia emarginata<\/em>, Malus<\/em> (\uc0ac\uacfc\uc18d), Mangifera <\/em>(\ub9dd\uace0\uc18d), Miliusa brahei, Mosiera longipes, Mouriri elliptica<\/em>, Murraya paniculata<\/em> (\uc624\ub80c\uc9c0\uc790\uc2a4\ubbfc), Musa x paradisiaca<\/em> (\ubc14\ub098\ub098), Myrcianthes pungens, Myrciaria cauliflora<\/em> (jaboticaba), Noronhia emarginata<\/em> (Madagascar olive), Ochrosia elliptica, Olea europaea<\/em> subsp. cuspidata<\/em> (wild olive), Parinari curatellifolia<\/em>, Parinari macrophylla<\/em>, Parmentiera edulis, Passiflora alata, Passiflora suberosa<\/em> (corkystem passionflower), Pereskia aculeata<\/em> (\ubaa9\uae30\ub9b0\uc120\uc778\uc7a5), Pouteria ramiflora<\/em>, Prunus americana<\/em> (\uc544\uba54\ub9ac\uce74\uc790\ub450), Prunus dulcis<\/em> (\uc544\ubaac\ub4dc), Prunus ilicifolia<\/em> (holly-leaved cherry), Prunus mume<\/em> (\ub9e4\uc2e4\ub098\ubb34), Prunus persica<\/em> var. nucipersica<\/em> (nectarine), Prunus serotina<\/em> (\uc138\ub85c\ud2f0\ub098\ubc9a\ub098\ubb34), Psidium<\/em> (\uad6c\uc544\ubc14\uc18d), Psidium acutangulum<\/em>, Psidium friedrichsthalianum<\/em> (wild guava), Psidium guineense<\/em> (\uae30\ub2c8\uc544\uad6c\uc544\ubc14), Pyrus<\/em> (\ubc30\ub098\ubb34\uc18d), Rubus fruticosus<\/em> (\uc11c\uc591\uc624\uc5fd\ub538\uae30), Salpichroa origanifolia<\/em>, Sandoricum koetjape<\/em> (santol), Santalum<\/em>, Santalum freycinetianum<\/em>, Sideroxylon polynesicum, Solanum<\/em> (nightshade), Solanum americanum <\/em>(\ubbf8\uad6d\uae4c\ub9c8\uc911), Solanum glaucophyllum, Solanum sisymbriifolium<\/em> (\ub465\uadfc\uac00\uc2dc\uac00\uc9c0), Spondias mombin<\/em> (hog plum), Spondias venulosa<\/em>, Syzygium cordatum<\/em>, Terminalia chebula <\/em>(gall nut), Triphasia trifolia<\/em> (limeberry), Vasconcellea quercifolia<\/em>, Vepris nobilis<\/em>, Vepris simplicifolia<\/em>, Vepris trichocarpa<\/em>, Vitellaria paradoxa<\/em> (shea tree), Vitis<\/em> (\ud3ec\ub3c4\uc18d), Vitis labrusca<\/em> (\uae4c\ub9c8\uadc0\uba38\ub8e8), Wikstroemia phillyreifolia<\/em>, Ximenia americana<\/em> (hog plum), Ziziphus <\/em>(\ub300\ucd94\uc18d), Ziziphus mucronata<\/em> (CABI, 2022)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

6. \ud615 \ud0dc<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u25cb \uc54c: \ub9e4\uc6b0 \uac00\ub298\uace0 \uad7d\uc740 \uae38\uc774 1mm\uc758 \ub9e4\ub044\ub7fd\uac8c \ubc18\uc9dd\uc774\ub294 \ud770\uc0c9\uc744 \ub764\ub2e4. \uc815\uacf5 \ubd80\uc704\ub294 \ub69c\ub837\ud558\uac8c \ud639\uc744 \uc774\ub8ec\ub2e4(EPPO, 2011).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u25cb \uc720\ucda9: \uae30\ub2e4\ub797\uace0 \uba38\ub9ac \ub05d\uc774 \ubfb0\uc871\ud558\ub2e4. 1\ub839\uc720\ucda9\uc758 \uae38\uc774\ub294 1mm \uc774\ud558\uc774\uace0, \ubab8\uc740 \ub300\ubd80\ubd84 \ud22c\uba85\ud558\ub2e4. 2\ub839 \uc720\ucda9\uc740 \ubab8\uccb4\uac00 \ubd80\ubd84\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ud22c\uba85\ud558\ub2e4. \ub2e4 \uc790\ub780 3\ub839 \uc720\ucda9\uc740 6.8\uff5e8.2 mm\ub85c \ubab8\uc740 \uc644\uc804\ud788 \ubd88\ud22c\uba85\ud55c \ud770\uc0c9 \ub610\ub294 \uc12d\ucde8\ud55c \uc74c\uc2dd\uc758 \uc0c9\uc774\ub2e4. \uc720\ucda9\uc758 \uc815\ud655\ud55c \ud06c\uae30\uc640 \uc0c9\uae54\uc740 \uba39\uc774\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \ub2e4\ub974\ub2e4. \uba38\ub9ac\ub294 \uc785\uac08\uace0\ub9ac \uadfc\ucc98\uc5d0 \ubcf4\uc870 \uce58\uc544\uac00 \uc788\ub2e4. \uc55e\ucabd \uae30\ubb38\uc740 \ud2b9\uc9d5\uc801\uc774\uace0 \uac70\uc758 \ud3c9\ud589\ud55c \ud328\ud134\uc744 \uac16\uace0 \uc788\uc73c\uba70, \ud45c\uba74\uc774 \uc735\uae30\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uace0 \uace0\ub9ac\ub098 \ubc18\uc6d0\uc774 \uc5c6\ub2e4. \uc77c\ubc18\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ub2e8\uc21c\ud55c \ud638 \ub610\ub294 \uac70\uc758 \uc9c1\uc120\uc73c\ub85c 7\uff5e10\uac1c\uc758 \ub3cc\ucd9c\ubd80 \ub610\ub294 \uc190\uac00\ub77d \ubaa8\uc591\uc744 \uac00\uc9c0\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4. \uaf2c\ub9ac \uae30\ubb38\uc740 \uac70\uc758 \ud3c9\ud589\ud55c \ud2b9\uc9d5\uc801\uc778 \ud328\ud134\uc744 \uac16\uace0 \uc788\uc73c\uba70, \ud45c\uba74\uc774 \uc735\uae30\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uace0 \uac80\uc740\uc0c9 \uace0\ub9ac\ub098 \ubc18\uc6d0\uc774 \uc5c6\ub2e4. 2\uac1c\uc758 \ud639 \ub610\ub294 \ub4a4\ucabd\uc758 \ubd80\ud480\uc5b4 \uc624\ub978 \ubd80\ubd84\uc744 \uc5f0\uacb0\ud558\ub294 \ub69c\ub837\ud55c \ub0ae\uc740 \ub2a5\uc120\uc774 \uc788\ub2e4(\uac74\uc870\ub41c \uc720\ucda9 \ud45c\uba74\uc5d0\uc11c \uad00\ucc30\ub428)(EPPO, 2011).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u25cb \ubc88\ub370\uae30: \uae38\uc774\ub294 4\uff5e4.3mm\uc758 \uc6d0\ud1b5\ud615\uc73c\ub85c \uc9c4\ud55c \uc801\uac08\uc0c9\uc774\uba70, \ubd80\ud480\uc5b4 \uc624\ub978 \ubc00\uc54c \ubaa8\uc591\uc774\ub2e4(EPPO, 2011).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u25cb \uc131\ucda9: \uae38\uc774\ub294 3.5\uff5e5mm\ub85c \ud669\uac08\uc0c9\uc744 \ub760\uba70, \ud2b9\ud788 \uac08\uc0c9\uc744 \ub764\ub2e4. \ubcf5\ubd80, \ub2e4\ub9ac, \ub0a0\uac1c\uc5d0 \uc57d\uac04\uc758 \ubb34\ub2ac\uac00 \uc788\ub2e4. \ub0a0\uac1c\uc758 \ubb34\ub2ac\ub294 \ub9e4\uc6b0 \ud2b9\uc9d5\uc801\uc774\ub2e4. \ub4b7\uba38\ub9ac\uc758 \uc544\ub798\ucabd \uc808\ubc18\uc5d0\ub294 \ud770\uc0c9\uc758 \uac15\ubaa8\uac00 \uc788\ub2e4. \ub208\uc740 \ubd89\uc740 \ubcf4\ub77c\uc0c9(\ud615\uad11 \ub179\uc0c9, \uc0ac\ub9dd \ud6c4 24\uc2dc\uac04 \uc774\ub0b4\uc5d0 \uac80\uac8c \ubcc0\ud568). \ud651\ub208 \uac15\ubaa8\uac00 \uc874\uc7ac\ud55c\ub2e4. \uc218\ucef7\uc740 \ub208 \uc548\ucabd \uac00\uc7a5\uc790\ub9ac \uc606\uc5d0 \ub05d\uc774 \uc5b4\ub461\uace0 \ub2e4\uc774\uc544\ubaac\ub4dc \ubaa8\uc591\uc778 \ubcc0\ud615\ub41c \uc13c\ud138 1\uc30d\uc774 \uc788\ub2e4. \uc55e\ub4f1\ucabd\ud310 \uc606\ub4b7\uc5fd(Postpronotum)\uc740 \ud770\uc0c9\uc774\uace0, \ub69c\ub837\ud55c \uac80\uc740 \uc810\uc774 \uc788\ub2e4. \uac00\uc6b4\ub383\uac00\uc2b4\ub4f1\ud310(Mesonotum)\uc758 \ubc14\ud0d5\uc0c9\uc740 \uac80\uc815\uc0c9\uc774\ub2e4. \uc740\ube5b \ubbf8\uc138\ud138, \uac80\uc740 \ubc18\uc810, \ubd09\ud569\ubd80\uc758 \ud770\uc0c9 \ubc18\uc810, \uc55e\uc791\uc740\ub4f1\ud310\uc758 \ud770\uc0c9 \ub760\uc758 \ubaa8\uc591\uc774 \uc788\ub2e4. \uc55e\ub4f1\ucabd\ud310 \uc606\ub4b7\uc5fd\uc5d0 \uc13c\ud138\uc774 \uc874\uc7ac\ud55c\ub2e4. \ub4f1\ucabd\uc911\uc559\uc758 \uc13c\ud138\uc740 \ub0a0\uac1c \uc717\ubd80\ubd84\uc758 \uc57d\uac04 \ub4a4\ucabd\uc5d0 \uc788\ub2e4. \uc18c\uc21c\ud310\uc740 \uae30\ubd80\uac00 \ud669\ubc31\uc0c9\uc774\uace0, \ub05d\ubd80\ubd84\uc5d0 3\uac1c\uc758 \ud569\uccd0\uc9c4 \uac80\uc740\uc0c9 \uc810\uc774 \uc788\ub2e4. \ubcf5\ubd80\ub294 \ud0c0\uc6d0\ud615\uc774\uace0 \ub178\ub780\uc0c9\uc774\uba70, 2\ubc88\uc9f8\uc640 4\ubc88\uc9f8 \ub4f1\ud310\uc758 \ub4a4\ucabd \uac00\uc7a5\uc790\ub9ac\uc5d0 \uc740\ube5b \ub760\uac00 \uc788\uace0, \ub4f1\ucabd \ud45c\uba74\uc5d0\ub294 \uac00\ub294 \uac80\uc740 \uc13c\ud138\uc774 \ud769\uc5b4\uc838 \uc788\ub2e4. \ud655\uc7a5\ub41c \uc0b0\ub780\uad00\uc758 \uae38\uc774\ub294 1.2mm\uc774\ub2e4. \uc0b4\uc544\uc788\ub294 \uc131\ucda9\uc758 \ub0a0\uac1c\ub294 \uc77c\ubc18\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ucc98\uc9c4 \uc790\uc138\ub85c \uc720\uc9c0\ub418\uba70, \ub113\uace0 \ud22c\uba85\ud558\ub2e4. \ub0a0\uac1c\uc758 \ub760\ub294 \uc798 \ubc1c\ub2ec\ub418\uc5b4 \uc788\uc73c\uba70, \uc8fc\ub85c \ub178\ub780\uc0c9\uc774\ub2e4. \uae30\ubd80 \ubd80\ubd84\uc5d0\ub294 \uc18d\uc758 \uc804\ud615\uc801\uc778 \uc904\ubb34\ub2ac\uc640 \ubc18\uc810\uc774 \uc788\ub294 \ud2b9\uc9d5\uc801\uc778 \ud328\ud134\uc774 \uc788\ub2e4. \uae30\ubd80\uc640 \uac00\uc7a5\uc790\ub9ac \ub760\ub294 \uac08\uc0c9\uc744 \ub764 \ub178\ub780\uc0c9\uc774\uba70, \uc77c\ubc18\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ub2ff\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294\ub2e4. \uc8fc\ub9e5\uc758 \ub760\ub294 \uac80\uc740\uc0c9\uc774\uace0 \uc9c1\uc120\uc774\uba70, \uc790\uc720\ub86d\ub2e4. \ub454\uc2e4\uc758 \ub05d\ubd80\ubd84\uc774 \uae30\ub2e4\ub797\ub2e4. \uc9c0\uc911\ud574\uacfc\uc2e4\ud30c\ub9ac\uc758 \uc218\ucef7\uc740 \uc548\uc640 \uc13c\ud138\uc758 \uc55e\ucabd \uc30d\uc758 \uc815\uc810\uc5d0 \ud2b9\uc9d5\uc801\uc778 \ub2e4\uc774\uc544\ubaac\ub4dc \ubaa8\uc591(\ub450\uc0c1)\uc758 \ud655\uc7a5\ubd80\uac00 \uc788\uc5b4 \uc774 \uacfc\uc758 \ub2e4\ub978 \ubaa8\ub4e0 \uc885\uacfc \uc27d\uac8c \uad6c\ubcc4\ub41c\ub2e4. \uc554\ucef7\uc740 \ud2b9\uc9d5\uc801\uc778 \ub0a0\uac1c \ud328\ud134\uacfc \uc18c\uc21c\ud310\uc758 \ub05d\ubd80\ubd84 \uc808\ubc18\uc774 \uc644\uc804\ud788 \uac80\uc740\uc0c9\uc73c\ub85c \uad6c\ubcc4\ub41c\ub2e4. Ceratitis<\/em>\uc758 \ub2e4\ub978 \uc885\uc774 \uc218\uc785 \uacfc\uc77c\uc5d0\uc11c \ud754\ud788 \uac80\ucd9c\ub41c\ub2e4: Ceratitis anonae <\/em>(Graham), C. cosyra <\/em>(Walker), C. rosa<\/em> Karsch. \uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \uc18c\uc21c\ud310\uc758 \ubb34\ub2ac\ub85c \uc27d\uac8c \uad6c\ubcc4\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4(EPPO, 2011).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u25cb (\uc9c4\ub2e8\ud615\uc9c8) \uc18c\ud615\uc5d0\uc11c \uc911\ud615\uc758 Ceratitis<\/em>\ub85c\uc11c \ub9e4\uc6b0 \ub2e4\ucc44\ub85c\uc6b4 \uc0c9\uc0c1\uacfc \ubb34\ub2ac\ub97c \uc9c0\ub140\uc11c \uad6c\ubd84\uc774 \uac00\ub2a5\ud558\ub2e4. \ud2b9\ud788 \uc218\ucef7\uc740 \uc55e\ucabd \uc548\uc13c\ud138\uc758 \ub05d\ubd80\ubd84\uc774 \uc8fc\uac71\ucc98\ub7fc \ub113\uc5b4\uc838 \uc788\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \ud2b9\uc774\ud558\ub2e4. \uc554\ucef7\uc758 \uacbd\uc6b0\ub3c4 \ub0a0\uac1c\ubb34\ub2ac\uac00 \ud669\uc0c9 \ubd80\ubd84\uc774 \ub9ce\uc740 \uac83\uacfc \uc791\uc740\ubc29\ud328\ud310\uc758 \ub05d\ubd80\ubd84\uc774 \ud751\uc0c9\uc778 \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \uadfc\uc5f0\uc885\ub4e4\uacfc \uad6c\ubd84\uc774 \uac00\ub2a5\ud558\ub2e4(\uae40\uc6a9\uade0, 2020).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u25cb (\uc131\ucda9\ud615\uc9c8) \uba38\ub9ac\ub294 \ud751\uc0c9\uc758 \ub4a4\ud1b5\uc218 \ubd80\ubd84\uc744 \uc81c\uc678\ud558\uba74 \uc5f0\ud55c \ud669\uac08\uc0c9\uc774\ub2e4. \uc774\ub9c8\uc13c\ud138\uacfc \uc548\uc640\uc13c\ud138\uc740 \uac01 2\uc30d\uc774\uba70 \ud751\uc0c9\uc774\ub2e4. \uc218\ucef7\uc758 \uc55e\ucabd \uc548\uc640\uc13c\ud138\uc740 \uc8fc\uac71\ubaa8\uc591\uc73c\ub85c \uc790\ub8e8\ub294 \ubc31\uc0c9\uc774\uba70, \ud655\uc7a5\ub41c \ub9d0\ub2e8\ubd80\ub294 \ud751\uc0c9\uc774\ub2e4. \ubc29\ud328\ud310\uc740 \ubc18\uc9dd\uc774\ub294 \ud751\uc0c9 \ubc14\ud0d5\uc5d0 \ud68c\uac08\uc0c9 \ubd84\uc774 \ub36e\uc5ec\uc788\uc5b4 3\uac1c\uc758 \ud751\uc0c9 \uc138\ub85c\ub760\uac00 \uc788\ub294 \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf4\uc778\ub2e4 \u2013 \uc911\uc559 \ub760\ub294 \uc804\ubc18\ubd80\uc5d0\uc11c \ub05d\ub098\uba70, 1\uc30d\uc758 \uce21\uba74 \ub760\ub294 \uae38\uac8c 3 \ubd80\ubd84\uc73c\ub85c \ub098\ub25c\ub2e4. \uc791\uc740\ubc29\ud328\ud310\uc740 \ubcfc\ub85d\ud558\uba70 \ubc18\uc9dd\uc774\ub294 \ud751\uc0c9\uc5d0 \uae30\ubd80\uc5d0 \uac00\ub298\uac8c \ud68c\uac08\uc0c9 \ubd84\uc774 \ub36e\uc5ec\uc788\ub2e4. \uac00\uc2b4\uce21\ud310\uacfc \ub2e4\ub9ac\ub294 \ud669\uac08\uc0c9\uc774\ub2e4. \ub0a0\uac1c \ud328\ud134\uc740 \ubcf5\uc7a1\ud558\uace0 \ud2b9\uc774\ud558\uba70 \uc911\uac04\uacfc \ub9d0\ub2e8\ubd80\uc758 \uad75\uc740 \ub760\ub294 \ud669\uc0c9\uc744 \ub764\ub2e4. \ubcf5\ubd80\uc758 \uae38\uc774\uc640 \ub108\ube44\uac00 \ube44\uc2b7\ud558\uba70 2\ubc88 \ub4f1\ud310\uacfc 4\ubc88 \ub4f1\ud310\uc758 \ub9d0\ub2e8\ubd80\uc5d0 \uac00\ub298\uac8c \ud68c\ubc31\uc0c9\ubd84\uc774 \ub36e\uc5ec\uc788\uc5b4 \ubcf5\ubd80\ub97c \uc704\ucabd\uc5d0\uc11c \ubcf4\uba74 \ud68c\ubc31\uc0c9 \uac00\ub85c\ub760\uac00 1\uc30d \ubcf4\uc778\ub2e4. \uc0b0\ub780\ud1b5\uc740 \ud669\uac08\uc0c9 \ubc14\ud0d5\uc5d0 \ub9d0\ub2e8 2\/5 \uc815\ub3c4\uac00 \uc5b4\ub450\uc6b4 \uac08\uc0c9\uc774\uba70, \uc81c4~5\ub4f1\ud310 \uae38\uc774\ubcf4\ub2e4 \uc57d\uac04 \uc9e7\ub2e4(\uae40\uc6a9\uade0, 2020).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u25cb (\uc720\ucda9\ud615\uc9c8) Pest fruit flies of the world, www.delta-intkey.com\/ffa\/index.htm \ucc38\uc870\ud55c\ub2e4(\uae40\uc6a9\uade0, 2020).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u25cb (DNA \ubc14\ucf54\ub4dc) 2019\ub144 10\uc6d4 \ud604\uc7ac BOLD \ub370\uc774\ud130\ubca0\uc774\uc2a4\uc5d0 300\uac1c\uccb4 \uc774\uc0c1 \uc785\ub825\ub418\uc5b4 \uc788\ub2e4. \uadfc\uc5f0\uc885 \ubb38\uc81c\uac00 \uc5c6\ub294 \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \uc0ac\ub8cc\ub418\uba70, \ub3d9\uc815 \uc2dc \ub300\ubd80\ubd84\uc758 \uac1c\uccb4\ub4e4\uacfc \uc720\uc804\uc790 \uac70\ub9ac 0.5% \uc774\ub0b4\ub85c \ud074\ub7ec\uc2a4\ud130\ub97c \uc774\ub8e8\ub294\uc9c0 \ud655\uc778\ud558\uba74 \ub41c\ub2e4(\uae40\uc6a9\uade0, 2020).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

7. \uc0dd \ud0dc<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u25cb (\uc99d\uc0c1) \uac00\ud574\ub97c \ubc1b\uc740 \uacfc\uc77c\uc740 \uc77c\ubc18\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc0b0\ub780\uacf5\uc758 \uc9d5\ud6c4\ub97c \ub098\ud0c0\ub0b4\uba70, \uc2e4\ud5d8\uc2e4\uc5d0\uc11c \uacf0\ud321\uc774 \uc804\uc5fc\uc758 \uc99d\uac70\ub97c \ud655\uc778\ud558\uc600\ub2e4. \ub9e4\uc6b0 \ub2ec\ucf64\ud55c \uacfc\uc77c\uc740 \uc124\ud0d5\uacfc \uac19\uc740 \uc0bc\ucd9c\ubb3c\uc744 \uc0dd\uc131\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4(CABI, 2022).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u25cb (\uc720\uc804\uc815\ubcf4) \ub3d9\uc704\ud6a8\uc18c \ubc0f \ubbf8\ud1a0\ucf58\ub4dc\ub9ac\uc544 DNA \uc5f0\uad6c\uc5d0 \ub530\ub974\uba74, \uc9c0\uc911\ud574\uacfc\uc2e4\ud30c\ub9ac\uc758 \uc9c0\uc911\ud574 \ubc0f \ubbf8\uad6d \uac1c\uccb4\uad70\uc740 \uc0ac\ud558\ub77c \uc774\ub0a8 \uc544\ud504\ub9ac\uce74\uc758 \uac1c\uccb4\uad70\uc5d0 \ube44\ud574 \uc0c1\ub2f9\ud788 \ub35c \uac00\ubcc0\uc801\uc774\uba70(Baruffi et al., 1995; Gasparich et al., 1997), \uc774\ub294 \uc9c0\uc911\ud574\uacfc\uc2e4\ud30c\ub9ac\uc758 \uc0ac\ud558\ub77c \uc774\ub0a8 \uae30\uc6d0\uc744 \ub4b7\ubc1b\uce68\ud55c\ub2e4. \ub2e4\uc88c\uc704(multilocus) \ud6a8\uc18c \uc804\uae30\uc601\ub3d9 \ub370\uc774\ud130\ub294 Malacrida et al. (1998)\uc5d0 \uc758\ud574 \uc5ec\ub7ec \uac1c\uccb4\uad70\uc5d0\uc11c \uc870\uc0ac\ub418\uc5c8\uace0, \ucd08\uc704\uc131\uccb4 \ub2e4\ud615\ud604\uc0c1\uc740 Bonizzoni et al (2000).\uc5d0 \uc758\ud574 \uc870\uc0ac\ub418\uc5c8\uc73c\uba70, \uc9c0\uc911\ud574\uacfc\uc2e4\ud30c\ub9ac\uc758 \ubbf8\ud1a0\ucf58\ub4dc\ub9ac\uc544 \uc804\uccb4 \uac8c\ub188\uc740 Spanos et al. (2000)\uc5d0 \uc758\ud574 \uacb0\uc815\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uc9c0\uc911\ud574\uacfc\uc2e4\ud30c\ub9ac\uc758 \uac8c\ub188 \ud06c\uae30\ub294 quantitative real-time PCR\uc744 \uc774\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec 591Mb (CI \ubc94\uc704: 577-605Mb)\ub85c \ucd94\uc815\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4(Tsoumani and Mathiopoulos, 2012). \uc9c0\uc911\ud574\uacfc\uc2e4\ud30c\ub9ac\uc5d0\uc11c \uc131\uc801\uc131\uc219 \ubc0f \uad50\ubbf8\uc758 \uc804\uc0ac\uccb4(Gomulski et al., 2012)\uc640 \uc815\uc18c \ubc0f \ubd80\uc18d\uc0d8\uc5d0\uc11c \uc0dd\uc131\ub41c \ud3a9\ud0c0\uc774\ub4dc(Scolari et al., 2012)\uac00 \ud504\ub85c\ud30c\uc77c\ub9c1\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4. Hancock (1980)\uc740 \uc218\ucef7\uc758 \uba38\ub9ac\uc640 \uc554\ucef7\uc758 \ubcf5\ubd80\ub97c \uac00\uc9c4 \uc554\uc218\ubaa8\uc790\uc774\ud06c(gynandromorph)\ub97c \ubcf4\uace0\ud558\uc600\ub2e4(CABI, 2022).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u25cb (\uc0dd\ub9ac) \uc9c0\uc911\ud574\uacfc\uc2e4\ud30c\ub9ac\uc758 \uc218\ucef7\uc740 trimedlure\/capilure \ubc0f terpinyl acetate\uc5d0 \uac15\ud558\uac8c \uc720\uc778\ub41c\ub2e4(Cunningham, 1989). \uc9c0\uc911\ud574\uacfc\uc2e4\ud30c\ub9ac\uc758 \uc218\ucef7\uc740 Enriched Ginger Oil (EGO)\uc5d0\ub3c4 \uc798 \ubc18\uc751\ud55c\ub2e4(Mwatawala et al., 2013; Shelly, 2013; Manrakhan et al., 2017). \uc218\ucef7\uc774 \uc0dd\uc0b0\ud558\ub294 \ud398\ub85c\ubaac\uc758 \ud654\ud559\uc131\ubd84\uc740 Jones (1989)\uc5d0 \uc758\ud574 \uc694\uc57d\ub418\uc5c8\uc73c\uba70, \uadf8 \uc911 \ud558\ub098\uc778 3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrrole\uc774 \ucc98\ub140\uc554\ucef7\uc758 \uc720\uc778\uc5d0 \uad00\uc5ec\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4(CABI, 2022).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u25cb (\ud658\uacbd\uc801 \uc694\uad6c\ub3c4) \uad50\ub780\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc740 \uc9c0\uc5ed\uc5d0\uc11c \uc9c0\uc911\ud574\uacfc\uc2e4\ud30c\ub9ac\ub294 \uc8fc\ub85c \uc0bc\ub9bc \uc9c0\ub300\uc5d0 \ub098\ud0c0\ub098\uc9c0\ub9cc, \uacbd\uc791\uc9c0\uc640 \ub3c4\uc2ec \uc9c0\uc5ed\uc5d0 \uc131\uacf5\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc801\uc751\ud558\uc600\ub2e4. \uae30\uc8fc\uc758 \ubc94\uc704\uac00 \ub113\ub2e4\ub294 \uac83\uc740 \uc720\ucda9 \ubc1c\uc721\uc744 \uc704\ud574 \uac70\uc758 \ubaa8\ub4e0 \uc720\ud615\uc758 \ub2e4\uc721\uc9c8 \uacfc\uc77c\uc744 \uc774\uc6a9\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \ub2a5\ub825\uc744 \uc2dc\uc0ac\ud55c\ub2e4. \uc9c0\uc911\ud574\uacfc\uc2e4\ud30c\ub9ac\ub294 \uc9c0\uc911\ud574\uc131 \uae30\ud6c4\uc5d0 \uc11c\uc2dd\ud55c\ub2e4. \ub0ae\uc740 \uae30\uc628\uc5d0\ub3c4 \uacac\ub51c \uc218 \uc788\uc9c0\ub9cc, \uc720\ub7fd\uc5d0\uc11c \ubd81\ucabd\uc73c\ub85c\uc758 \ud655\uc7a5\uc740 \ucd94\uc6b4 \uaca8\uc6b8 \ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0 \ub9c9\ud78c \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf4\uc778\ub2e4. \uc720\ucda9\uc758 \ucd5c\uc800 \ubc1c\uc721\uc628\ub3c4\ub294 10.2\u00b0C\uc774\ub2e4(Duyck and Quilici, 2002). \uacfc\uc2e4\ud30c\ub9ac\uac00 \ub354 \uc2dc\uc6d0\ud55c \uacf3\uc744 \ucc3e\ub294 30\u00b0C \uc815\ub3c4\uc758 \ub192\uc740 \uc628\ub3c4\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uc131\ucda9\uc758 \ud65c\ub3d9\uc774 \uac10\uc18c\ud558\uac70\ub098 \uc911\ub2e8\ub41c\ub2e4(Cayol, 1996). \ud589\ub3d9\uc801 \uccb4\uc628 \uc870\uc808\uc774 \uc5c6\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0, \uc131\ucda9\uc758 \uc870\ud654\ub85c\uc6b4 \uc6c0\uc9c1\uc784\uc744 \ud5c8\uc6a9\ud558\ub294 \ucd5c\uc800\uc628\ub3c4\uc640 \ucd5c\uace0\uc628\ub3c4\ub294 \uac01\uac01 5.4\uff5e6.6\u2103 \ubc0f 42.4\uff5e43.0\u2103 \ubc94\uc704 \ub0b4\uc5d0 \uc788\uc9c0\ub9cc, \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uac12\uc740 \uc5f0\ub839, \uba39\uc774\uc0c1\ud0dc(Nyamukondiwa \ubc0f Terblanche, 2009), \ub2e8\uae30 \ubc0f \uc7a5\uae30\uc801\uc778 \uc5f4\uc758 \uc774\ub825(Nyamukondiwa \ubc0f Terblanche, 2010; Weldon et al., 2011; Nyamukondiwa et al., 2013)\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \ub2e4\ub974\ub2e4. Grout and Stolz (2007)\ub294 \uc9c0\uc911\ud574\uacfc\uc2e4\ud30c\ub9ac\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ucd5c\uc18c, \ucd5c\uc801, \ucd5c\ub300 \ubc1c\uc721\uc784\uacc4\uce58\ub97c \ucd94\uc815\ud558\uc600\ub2e4(CABI, 2022).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u25cb (\ubc88\uc2dd\uc0dd\ud0dc) \uc9c0\uc911\ud574\uacfc\uc2e4\ud30c\ub9ac\uc758 \uc54c\uc740 \uae30\uc8fc \uacfc\uc77c\uc758 \uaecd\uc9c8 \ubc11\uc5d0 \ub0b3\ub294\ub2e4. 2\uff5e4\uc77c(\uc11c\ub298\ud55c \ub0a0\uc528\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \ucd5c\ub300 16\uff5e18\uc77c) \ub0b4\uc5d0 \ubd80\ud654\ud558\uace0, \uc720\ucda9\uc740 6\uff5e11\uc77c(13\uff5e28\u2103) \ub3d9\uc548 \uba39\uc774\ub97c \uc12d\uc2dd\ud55c\ub2e4. \ubc88\ub370\uae30\ub294 \uae30\uc8fc\uc2dd\ubb3c \uc544\ub798\uc758 \ud1a0\uc591\uc5d0\uc11c \uc774\ub8e8\uc5b4\uc9c0\uace0, \uc131\ucda9\uc740 6\uff5e11\uc77c \ud6c4\uc5d0 \uc6b0\ud654\ud558\uba70(24\uff5e26\u00b0C, \uc2dc\uc6d0\ud55c \uc870\uac74\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \ub354 \uae38\uc5b4\uc9d0)(Christenson and Foote, 1960), \uc131\ucda9\uc774 \uc6b0\ud654\ud55c \ud6c4 \ub09c\uc18c\ub97c \ubc1c\uc721\ud558\ub294\ub370 25\u2103\uc5d0\uc11c 5\uc77c\uc774 \uac78\ub9b0\ub2e4(Duyck and Quilici, 2002). \uc54c\uc5d0\uc11c \uc131\ucda9\uc73c\ub85c \ubc1c\uc721\ud558\ub294 \ub370 \ud544\uc694\ud55c \uc628\uc77c\ub3c4\ub294 260\u00b0D\uc774\ub2e4(Duyck and Quilici, 2002). Christenson and Foote (1960)\ub294 \uc9c0\uc911\ud574\uacfc\uc2e4\ud30c\ub9ac \uc131\ucda9\uc740 \ucd5c\ub300 2\uac1c\uc6d4(\uc57c\uc678 \ucf00\uc774\uc9c0\uc5d0\uc11c)\uae4c\uc9c0 \uc0b4 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcf4\uace0\ud558\uc600\uc9c0\ub9cc, \uc2e4\ud5d8\uc2e4\ub85c \uac00\uc838\uc628 \uc57c\uc678\uc5d0\uc11c \uc7a1\ud78c \uc131\ucda9\uc740 \uae30\uc900\ubcf4\ub2e4 \uc218\uba85\uc774 \ub354 \uae38\uc5c8\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0 \uc774\ub294 \uc218\uba85\uc744 \uacfc\uc18c\ud3c9\uac00\ud588\uc744 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4(Carey et al., 2008). Cayol et al. (2002)\uc740 \uc804 \uc138\uacc4 \uc5ec\ub7ec \uc9c0\uc5ed \uac1c\uccb4\uad70 \uc0ac\uc774\uc758 \uc131\uc801 \ud638\ud658\uc131\uc744 \uc785\uc99d\ud558\uc600\ub2e4. \uad6c\uc560\ub97c \ud3ec\ud568\ud55c \uc720\ucda9\uacfc \uc131\ucda9\uc758 \ud589\ub3d9\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc790\uc138\ud55c \uc694\uc57d\uc740 Yuval and Hendrichs (2000)\uc5d0 \uc758\ud574 \uc81c\uacf5\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uc9c0\uc911\ud574\uacfc\uc2e4\ud30c\ub9ac \uc218\ucef7\uc758 \uad50\ubbf8 \uc131\uacf5\uc740 \uc218\ucef7\uc744 \uc624\ub80c\uc9c0(Shelly et al., 2006)\ub098 \uc0dd\uac15 \ubfcc\ub9ac \uae30\ub984(Shelly et al., 2002) \ub0c4\uc0c8\uc5d0 \ub178\ucd9c\uc2dc\ud0b4\uc73c\ub85c\uc368 \ud5a5\uc0c1\ub420 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4. \uace0\ub2e8\ubc31\uc9c8\uc758 \uba39\uc774\ub97c \uc12d\ucde8\ud55c \uc9c0\uc911\ud574\uacfc\uc2e4\ud30c\ub9ac \uc218\ucef7\ub3c4 \ub354 \ub192\uc740 \uc131\uc801 \uae30\ub2a5\uc744 \ub098\ud0c0\ub0bc \uc218 \uc788\uc9c0\ub9cc, \uc774 \ud6a8\uacfc\ub294 \uacfc\uc2e4\ud30c\ub9ac\uc758 \uc720\uc804\uc790\ud615\uc774\ub098 \uc2e4\ud5d8\uc124\uc815, \ud658\uacbd\uc870\uac74\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \ub2ec\ub77c\uc9c8 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4(Yuval et al., 2007)(CABI, 2022).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u25cb (\uad00\uacc4) \uc9c0\uc911\ud574\uacfc\uc2e4\ud30c\ub9ac\ub294 \uc720\uc785\ub41c \uc77c\ubd80 \uc9c0\uc5ed\uc5d0\uc11c \ub2e4\ub978 \uc885\uc5d0 \ube44\ud574 \uc555\ub3c4\ub418\ub294 \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf4\uc778\ub2e4. \ud558\uc640\uc774\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uc624\ub9ac\uc5d4\ud0c8\uacfc\uc2e4\ud30c\ub9ac\uc778 Bactrocera dorsalis<\/em>\uc5d0 \uc758\ud574 \uace0\ub3c4\uac00 \ub0ae\uc740 \uacf3\uc5d0 \ubc30\uce58\ub41c\ub2e4(Harris, 1989). \ub9c8\ucc2c\uac00\uc9c0\ub85c \uc9c0\uc911\ud574\uacfc\uc2e4\ud30c\ub9ac\ub294 \ud038\uc990\ub79c\ub4dc\uacfc\uc2e4\ud30c\ub9ac(Bactrocera tryoni<\/em>)\uc5d0 \uc758\ud574 \ud638\uc8fc \ub3d9\ubd80 \uc9c0\uc5ed\uc5d0 \ubc30\uce58\ub418\ub294 \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \uc5ec\uaca8\uc9c4\ub2e4(Orian and Moutia, 1960; Permkam and Hancock, 1994). \ubaa8\ub9ac\uc154\uc2a4\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 1953\ub144\uacbd\uc5d0 \ub098\ud0c8\uacfc\uc2e4\ud30c\ub9ac(Ceratitis rosa<\/em>)\uac00 \uc720\uc785\ub41c \uc774\ud6c4 \ub098\ud0c8\uacfc\uc2e4\ud30c\ub9ac(Ceratitis rosa<\/em>)\ub85c \ub300\ubd80\ubd84 \ub300\uccb4\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4(Orian and Moutia, 1960). \ub098\ud0c8\uacfc\uc2e4\ud30c\ub9ac(Ceratitis rosa<\/em>)\uac00 \uc6b0\uc138\uc885\uc778 \uc9d0\ubc14\ube0c\uc6e8\uc758 \ub3c4\uc2ec\uc5d0\uc11c\ub3c4 \ub9c8\ucc2c\uac00\uc9c0\uc778 \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf4\uc778\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \ud558\uc640\uc774\uc5d0 \uc0c8\ub86d\uac8c \uc2ec\uaca8\uc9c4 \ucee4\ud53c(Coffea<\/em>) \uc791\ubb3c\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uc9c0\uc911\ud574\uacfc\uc2e4\ud30c\ub9ac\uac00 \uc624\ub9ac\uc5d4\ud0c8\uacfc\uc2e4\ud30c\ub9ac(B. dorsalis<\/em>)\ubcf4\ub2e4 \uc6b0\uc810\ud558\uc600\ub2e4(Vargas et al., 1995). \uc9c0\uc911\ud574\uacfc\uc2e4\ud30c\ub9ac\uc640 \ub098\ud0c8\uacfc\uc2e4\ud30c\ub9ac\uc758 \uae30\ud6c4\uc0dd\ud0dc\uc801 \uc9c0\uc704(niche)\uc758 \ubd84\ud560\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ub808\uc704\ub2c8\uc639\uc5d0\uc11c \uc99d\uac70\uac00 \uc788\uc73c\uba70, \uc9c0\uc911\ud574\uacfc\uc2e4\ud30c\ub9ac\ub294 \ud3c9\uade0\uae30\uc628\uc774 \ub354 \ub192\uace0 \uac15\uc218\ub7c9\uc774 \uc801\uc740 \uc9c0\uc5ed\uc744 \uc810\uc720\ud558\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4(Duyck et al., 2006). \ub2e4\ub978 \ub9ce\uc740 ceratitidine\uacfc \ub9c8\ucc2c\uac00\uc9c0\ub85c \uc9c0\uc911\ud574\uacfc\uc2e4\ud30c\ub9ac\ub294 salticid \uac70\ubbf8\ub97c \ubaa8\ubc29\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf4\uc774\uba70(Hasson, 1995), \uc774\ub294 \uac70\ubbf8\uc640 \ub2e4\ub978 \ud3ec\uc2dd\uc790\ub85c\ubd80\ud130 \ubcf4\ud638\ub97c \ubc1b\uc744 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4(CABI, 2022).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u25cb (\ucc9c\uc801) Clausen (1978)\uc740 \uc9c0\uc911\ud574\uacfc\uc2e4\ud30c\ub9ac\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc218\ub9ce\uc740 \ud3ec\uc2dd\uae30\uc0dd\uc790 \ubc0f \ud3ec\uc2dd\uc790 \ubc29\uc0ac\ub97c \uac80\ud1a0\ud588\uc9c0\ub9cc, \uadf8 \uc911 \uadf9\uc18c\uc218\ub9cc \uc815\ucc29\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uac00\uc7a5 \uc8fc\ubaa9\ud560 \ub9cc\ud55c \uac83\uc740 \ud558\uc640\uc774\uc5d0\uc11c Fopius, Diachasmimorpha, Psyttalia<\/em>\ub958\ub97c \uc774\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec 1914\ub144\uc5d0\uc11c 1933\ub144 \uc0ac\uc774\uc5d0 \ud3c9\uade0 25\uff5e55%\uc758 \uae30\uc0dd\uc728\uc774 \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud558\uc600\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \uc2e4\uc81c \uc218\uc900\uc740 \uae30\uc8fc\ub9c8\ub2e4 \ub2ec\ub790\ub2e4. \uc608\ub97c \ub4e4\uc5b4 \uaecd\uc9c8\uc774 \uc587\uace0 \uc720\ucda9\uc774 \ud56d\uc0c1 \ud45c\uba74 \uadfc\ucc98\uc5d0 \uc788\ub294 \ucee4\ud53c(Coffea<\/em>)\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 61\uff5e94%\uac00 \ub2ec\uc131\ub418\uc5c8\uc9c0\ub9cc, \ub2e4\ub978 \uacfc\uc77c\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \ud6e8\uc52c \ub0ae\uc740 \uc218\uc900\uc73c\ub85c \ubc1c\uacac\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uc0dd\ubb3c\uc801 \ubc29\uc81c\uc6d0 \ubc29\uc0ac\uc758 \ub2e4\ub978 \uc608\ub85c\ub294 \ub808\uc704\ub2c8\uc639 \uc218\uc911\ub2e4\ub9ac\uc880\ubc8c\ub958\uc778 Dirhinus anthracina <\/em>(Etienne, 1973), \uc2ac\ub85c\ubc14\ud0a4\uc544\uc5d0\uc11c \uc5fc\uc8fc\ubc8c\ub958\uc778 Coptera occidentalis <\/em>(Kazim\u00edrov\u00e1, 1996), \ub808\uc704\ub2c8\uc639(Etienne, 1971) \ubc0f \ubcfc\ub9ac\ube44\uc544(Bennett and Squire, 1972)\uc5d0\uc11c \uace0\uce58\ubc8c\ub958\uc778 Biosteres longicaudatus<\/em> [Diachasmimorpha longicaudata<\/em>], \ucf54\uc2a4\ud0c0\ub9ac\uce74\uc5d0\uc11c \uc880\ubc8c\ub958\uc778 Aceratoneuromyia indica <\/em>(Jiron and Mexzon, 1989)\uc758 \uc774\uc6a9\uc774 \uc788\ub2e4. \uc9c0\uc911\ud574\uacfc\uc2e4\ud30c\ub9ac\uc5d0 \uae30\uc0dd\ud558\ub294 4\uc885\uc758 \uace0\uce58\ubc8c\ub958\uac00 2002\ub144\uacfc 2004\ub144 \uc0ac\uc774\uc5d0 \uc774\uc2a4\ub77c\uc5d8\uc5d0\uc11c \ubc29\uc0ac\ub418\uc5c8\uc73c\uba70, \uadf8 \uc911 Fopius ceratitivorus<\/em>\uc640 Diachasmimorpha kraussii<\/em>\ub294 \uc7a5\uae30\uc801\uc778 \uc815\ucc29\uc758 \uc9d5\ud6c4\ub97c \ubcf4\uc600\ub2e4(Argov and Gazit, 2008). \uc720\ub7fd\ub545\ubc8c\uc778 Vespula germanica<\/em>\ub294 \uc218\ucef7\uc774 \uc0dd\uc0b0\ud55c \uad50\ubbf8 \ud398\ub85c\ubaac\uc758 \ub0c4\uc0c8\ub97c \uc774\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \uc9c0\uc911\ud574\uacfc\uc2e4\ud30c\ub9ac \uc131\ucda9\uc744 \ucc3e\uc544 \uc7a1\uc544\uba39\ub294\ub2e4\ub294 \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc774 \uc54c\ub824\uc838 \uc788\ub2e4(Hendrichs et al., 1994). \uc9c0\uc911\ud574\uacfc\uc2e4\ud30c\ub9ac\uc758 \uc0dd\ud65c\uc0ac \ub2e8\uacc4\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ubcd1\uc6d0\uc131 \uc601\ud5a5\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \uc138\uade0, \uacf0\ud321\uc774, \uc120\ucda9\uc774 \uc2e4\ud5d8\uc2e4\uc5d0\uc11c \uac80\uc815\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uc9c0\uc911\ud574\uacfc\uc2e4\ud30c\ub9ac\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \uc54c\ub824\uc9c4 \ucc9c\uc801\uc740 \ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc \uac19\ub2e4: \ud3ec\uc2dd\uae30\uc0dd\uc790\ub85c Aceratoneuromyia indica<\/em> (\uc720\ucda9), Aganaspis pelleranoi<\/em> (\uc720\ucda9), Aphaereta ceratitivora<\/em> (\uc720\ucda9, \uc6a9), Coptera occidentalis<\/em> (\uc6a9), Coptera robustior<\/em> (\uc6a9), Coptera silvestrii<\/em> (\uc6a9), Coryctobracon areolatus<\/em>, Diachasmimorpha fullawayi<\/em> (\uc720\ucda9), Diachasmimorpha kraussii, Diachasmimorpha longicaudata<\/em> (\uc6a9), Diachasmimorpha tryoni<\/em> (\uc720\ucda9), Dirhinus anthracina<\/em> (\uc6a9), Dirhinus ehrhorni<\/em> (\uc6a9), Doryctobracon areolatus <\/em>(\uc720\ucda9), Doryctobracon crawfordi <\/em>(\uc720\ucda9), Eupelmus urozonus, Fopius arisanus<\/em> (\uc54c, \uc720\ucda9), Fopius bevisi<\/em> (\uc720\ucda9), Fopius caudatus, Fopius ceratitivorous<\/em> (\uc54c, \uc720\ucda9), Fopius desideratus<\/em> (\uc54c, \uc720\ucda9), Fopius silvestrii<\/em> (\uc720\ucda9), Fopius vandenboschi<\/em> (\uc720\ucda9), Heterorhabditis bacteriophora<\/em> (\uc131\ucda9, \uc6a9), Megaselia scalaris, Muscidifurax raptor, Odontosema anastrephae, Opius bellus, Pachycrepoideus vindemmiae<\/em> (\uc6a9), Psyttalia concolor<\/em> (\uc720\ucda9), Psyttalia cosyrae<\/em> (\uc720\ucda9), Psyttalia distinguenda<\/em> (\uc720\ucda9), Psyttalia humilis<\/em> (\uc720\ucda9), Psyttalia incisi<\/em> (\uc720\ucda9), Psyttalia insignipennis<\/em> (\uc720\ucda9), Psyttalia lounsburyi<\/em> (\uc720\ucda9), Psyttalia perproxima<\/em> (\uc720\ucda9), Psyttalia phaeostigma<\/em> (\uc720\ucda9), Spalangia cameroni, Steinernema carpocapsae<\/em> (\uc6a9), Steinernema feltiae, Tetrastichus giffardianus<\/em> (\uc720\ucda9), Tetrastichus giffardii<\/em> (\uc720\ucda9), Trichopria capensis<\/em> (\uc6a9), Trybliographa daci, Utetes africanus<\/em> (\uc720\ucda9), Utetes anastrephae<\/em>; \ud3ec\uc2dd\uc790\ub85c Anthocoris nemoralis, Belonuchus rufipennis, Cardiastethus nazarenus, Cheiracanthium mildei, Cyrtorhinus lividipennis, Linepithema humile, Solenopsis geminata, Thyreocephalus albertisi, Vespula germanica<\/em>; \ubcd1\uc6d0\uade0\uc73c\ub85c Bacillus pumilus, Bacillus thuringiensis, Bacillus thuringiensis thuringiensis, Beauveria bassiana, Entomophthora muscae, Entomophthora schizophorae, Metarhizium anisopliae<\/em>, Nucleopolyhedrosis virus\uac00 \uc54c\ub824\uc9c4\ub2e4(CABI, 2022).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u25cb (\uc774\ub3d9 \ubc0f \ubd84\uc0b0) \uc790\uc5f0\uc801 \ud655\uc0b0\uc758 \uacbd\uc6b0, \uc9c0\uc911\ud574\uacfc\uc2e4\ud30c\ub9ac\uc758 \ubd84\uc0b0\uc5d0 \uad00\ud55c \ud45c\uc2dd-\ubc29\uc0ac-\uc7ac\ud3ec\ud68d \uc5f0\uad6c\uc758 \ub300\ubd80\ubd84\uc740 \ubc29\uc0ac \uc7a5\uc18c\uc5d0\uc11c 1km \uc774\ub0b4\uc5d0\uc11c \uc7ac\ud3ec\ud68d\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uacb0\uacfc\ub294 \ud2b8\ub7a9 \ubc30\uce58\uc758 \ud55c\uacc4\ub85c \ub098\ud0c0\ub0bc \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4. \uc9c0\uc911\ud574\uacfc\uc2e4\ud30c\ub9ac\uac00 \ucd5c\uc18c 20km\ub97c \ub0a0 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4\ub294 \uc99d\uac70\uac00 \uc788\ub2e4(Fletcher, 1989).\uc6b0\uc5f0\uc801\uc778 \uc720\uc785\uc758 \uacbd\uc6b0, \uac00\ud574\ub97c \ubc1b\uc740 \uacfc\uc77c\uc744 \uc6b4\uc1a1\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc740 \uc774\uc804\uc5d0 \uac00\ud574\ub97c \ubc1b\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc740 \uc9c0\uc5ed\uc73c\ub85c \uc774\ub3d9\ud558\uace0 \ubd84\uc0b0\uc2dc\ud0a4\ub294 \uc8fc\uc694 \uc218\ub2e8\uc774\ub2e4. \uc77c\ubd80 \uae30\uc8fc \uacfc\uc77c\uc740 \uc775\uc5c8\uc744 \ub54c\ub9cc \uac00\ud574\ub97c \ubc1b\uac8c \ub418\uba70, \uc774\ub294 \ud558\uc640\uc774\uc5d0\uc11c \ubbf8\uad6d \ubcf8\ud1a0\ub85c \uc218\ucd9c\ub418\ub294 \uc544\ubcf4\uce74\ub3c4(Persea americana<\/em>)\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \u2018\ubb34\uac10\uc5fc \uac80\uc5ed \uc808\ucc28\u2019\uc758 \uae30\ucd08\uac00 \ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uc774\uac83\uc740 \ucd5c\uadfc \ub098\ubb34\uc5d0 \uc544\uc9c1 \ub9e4\ub2ec\ub824 \uc788\ub294 \uacfc\uc77c\uc774 \uac00\ud574\ub97c \ubc1b\uc740 \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ubc1d\ud600\uc9c0\uba74\uc11c \uc758\ubb38\uc774 \uc81c\uae30\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4(Liquido et al., 1995)(CABI, 2022).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u25cb (\ud0d0\uc9c0 \ubc0f \uac80\uc0ac) \uc9c0\uc911\ud574\uacfc\uc2e4\ud30c\ub9ac\ub294 \uc218\ucef7 \ubbf8\ub07c\ub85c \uc720\uc778\ub41c \ud2b8\ub7a9\uc73c\ub85c \ubaa8\ub2c8\ud130\ub9c1\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4. Ceratitis<\/em>\uc544\uc18d\uc5d0 \uc18d\ud558\ub294 \ub2e4\ub978 \ud14c\uc2a4\ud2b8 \uc885\uacfc \ub9c8\ucc2c\uac00\uc9c0\ub85c \uc218\ucef7\uc740 trimedlure\uc640 terpinyl acetate\uc5d0 \ub04c\ub9ac\uc9c0\ub9cc, methyl eugenol\uc5d0\ub294 \ub04c\ub9ac\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294\ub2e4. Ceralure\ub294 \uc9c0\uc911\ud574\uacfc\uc2e4\ud30c\ub9ac\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4 \uac15\ub825\ud558\uace0 \uc9c0\uc18d\uc801\uc778 \uc720\uc778\ubb3c\uc9c8\uc774\ub2e4(Avery et al., 1994). \uac15\ud654\ub41c \uc0dd\uac15 \uc624\uc77c(EGO)\uc740 \uc9c0\uc911\ud574\uacfc\uc2e4\ud30c\ub9ac\ub97c \ubaa8\ub2c8\ud130\ub9c1\ud558\ub294 \ub370 \ud6a8\uacfc\uc801\uc778 \uc218\ucef7 \ubbf8\ub080\uc778 \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ubc1d\ud600\uc84c\ub2e4(Mwatawala et al., 2013; Manrakhan et al., 2017). Ceratitis<\/em>\uc18d 16\uc885\uc758 \ubbf8\ub07c\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ubc18\uc751\uc740 Hancock (1987)\uc5d0 \uc758\ud574 \ud45c\ub85c \uc791\uc131\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4. Trimedlure (t-butyl 4(or 5) chloro-2-methyl cyclohexane carboxylate)\ub294 \uc9c0\uc911\ud574\uacfc\uc2e4\ud30c\ub9ac\uc5d0 \uac00\uc7a5 \ub110\ub9ac \uc0ac\uc6a9\ub418\ub294 \ubbf8\ub07c\uc774\ub2e4. Trimedlure \uac1c\ubc1c\uc758 \uc5ed\uc0ac\uc640 8\uac00\uc9c0 \uac00\ub2a5\ud55c \uc774\uc131\uc9c8\uccb4 \uc911\uc5d0\uc11c \uac00\uc7a5 \uc88b\uc740 \uac83\uc744 \ubd84\ub9ac\ud558\ub294 \ubb38\uc81c\ub294 Cunningham (1989)\uc5d0 \uc758\ud574 \ub17c\uc758\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4. \ubbf8\ub07c\ub294 \uc77c\ubc18\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc591\ucabd \ub05d\uc5d0 \uc791\uc740 \uad6c\uba4d\uc774 \uc788\ub294 \ud50c\ub77c\uc2a4\ud2f1 \ud2b8\ub7a9\uc758 \uc911\uc559\uc5d0 \ub9e4\ub2ec\ub9b0 \uc19c \uc2ec\uc9c0\uc5d0 \ub193\ub294\ub2e4. \uc801\uc808\ud55c \ud2b8\ub7a9\uc740 White and Elson-Harris (1994)\uc5d0 \uc758\ud574 \uc124\uba85\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4. \ubbf8\ub07c\ub97c \uc0b4\ucda9\uc81c\uc640 \ud63c\ud569\ud558\uac70\ub098 \uc0b4\ucda9\uc81c\uc5d0 \ub2f4\uadfc \uc885\uc774 \uc870\uac01\uc744 \ud2b8\ub7a9\uc5d0 \ub123\uc744 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4. \ud2b8\ub7a9\uc740 \uc77c\ubc18\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc9c0\uc0c1\uc5d0\uc11c \uc57d 2m \ub192\uc774\uc758 \uacfc\uc218\uc5d0 \uc124\uce58\ub418\uba70, \ubbf8\ub07c\uac00 \uba87 \uc8fc \ub3d9\uc548 \ud6a8\uacfc\uac00 \uc720\uc9c0\ub420 \uc218 \uc788\uc9c0\ub9cc, \ub2e8 \uba70\uce60 \ub3d9\uc548 \ubc29\uce58\ub41c \ub2e8\uc77c \ud2b8\ub7a9\uc5d0\uc11c \uc218\ubc31 \ub9c8\ub9ac\uc758 \ud30c\ub9ac\ub97c \uc7a1\uc744 \uc218 \uc788\uc73c\ubbc0\ub85c \uc815\uae30\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ube44\uc6cc\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4. \ud2b8\ub7a9 \uc704\uce58 \ud6a8\uacfc\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc790\uc138\ud55c \uc5f0\uad6c\ub294 Israely et al. (1997)\uc5d0 \uc758\ud574 \uc218\ud589\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uc218\ucef7 \ubbf8\ub07c\uc758 \uc0dd\ubb3c\ud559\uc801 \uce21\uba74\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uac80\ud1a0\ub294 Cunningham (1989)\uc5d0 \uc758\ud574 \uc81c\uc2dc\ub418\uc5c8\uc73c\uba70, \ubbf8\ub07c\uc758 \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc740 Drew (1982)\uc5d0 \uc758\ud574 \ub354 \uc790\uc138\ud788 \uc124\uba85\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4. Somerfield (1989)\ub294 \uc9c0\uc911\ud574\uacfc\uc2e4\ud30c\ub9ac\uc758 \ub274\uc9c8\ub79c\ub4dc \uc720\uc785 \uac00\ub2a5\uc131\uc744 \ubaa8\ub2c8\ud130\ub9c1\ud558\ub294 \ub370 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ub418\ub294 \ud3ec\ud68d \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \uc124\uba85\ud588\ub2e4. \ud398\ub85c\ubaac \uae30\ubc18 \ud3ec\ud68d \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c\uc758 \uac1c\ubc1c \uac00\ub2a5\uc131\uc740 Landolt and Heath (1996)\uc5d0 \uc758\ud574 \ub17c\uc758\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4. \ud3ec\ud68d \ud6a8\uc728\uc740 \ud615\uad11\uc0c9, \ud2b9\ud788 \uc5f0\ub179\uc0c9\uc744 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud568\uc73c\ub85c\uc368\ub3c4 \ud5a5\uc0c1\ub420 \uc218\ub3c4 \uc788\ub2e4(Epsky et al., 1996)(CABI, 2022).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u25cb (\uc720\uc778\uc81c) Trimedlure, terpinyl acetate (\uae40\uc6a9\uade0, 2020).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

8. \ud53c \ud574<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u25cb (\uc99d\uc0c1) \uacf5\uaca9\ubc1b\uc740 \uacfc\uc77c\uc740 \uc77c\ubc18\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc0b0\ub780\uacf5\uc774 \ub6ab\ub9b0 \uc9d5\ud6c4\ub97c \ubcf4\uc774\uba70, \uc2e4\ud5d8\uc2e4\uc5d0\uc11c \uacf0\ud321\uc774\uac00 \uc804\ud30c\ub41c\ub2e4\ub294 \uc99d\uac70\uac00 \uc788\ub2e4(Cayol et al., 1994 in CABI, 2022). \ub9e4\uc6b0 \ub2ec\ucf64\ud55c \uacfc\uc77c\uc740 \uc124\ud0d5 \uac19\uc740 \uc0bc\ucd9c\ubb3c\uc774 \ub098\uc62c \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4(CABI, 2022).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u25cb (\uc601\ud5a5) \uc9c0\uc911\ud574\uacfc\uc2e4\ud30c\ub9ac\ub294 \uc544\ud504\ub9ac\uce74\uc758 \uc911\uc694\ud55c \ud574\ucda9\uc774\uba70, \uac70\uc758 \ubaa8\ub4e0 \ub300\ub959\uc73c\ub85c \ud655\uc0b0\ub418\uc5b4 \uadf8 \uacfc\uc5d0\uc11c \uac00\uc7a5 \uc911\uc694\ud55c \ub2e8\uc77c \ud574\ucda9 \uc885\uc774 \ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4. \ub192\uc740 \ub2e4\uc2dd\uc131\uc744 \ubcf4\uc774\uba70, \uad00\ub828\uc774 \uc5c6\ub294 \ub9e4\uc6b0 \uad11\ubc94\uc704\ud55c \uacfc\uc218 \uc791\ubb3c\uc5d0 \ud53c\ud574\ub97c \uc900\ub2e4. \uc9c0\uc911\ud574 \uc5f0\uc548 \uad6d\uac00\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \ud2b9\ud788 \uac10\uade4\ub958\uc640 \ubcf5\uc22d\uc544(Prunus persica<\/em>)\uc5d0 \ud53c\ud574\ub97c \uc900\ub2e4. \ub610\ud55c \uacfc\uc77c\uc744 \uc369\uac8c \ub9cc\ub4dc\ub294 \uacf0\ud321\uc774\ub97c \uc804\uc5fc\uc2dc\ud0ac \uc218\ub3c4 \uc788\ub2e4(Cayol et al., 1994). \uacfc\uc218 \uc791\ubb3c\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ud53c\ud574\ub294 \ube48\ubc88\ud558\uac8c \ub192\uc73c\uba70, 100%\uc5d0 \ub2ec\ud560 \uc218\ub3c4 \uc788\ub2e4(Fimiani, 1989; Fischer-Colbrie and Busch-Petersen, 1989). \uc911\ubbf8\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \ucee4\ud53c(Coffea<\/em>) \uc791\ubb3c\uc758 \uc190\uc2e4\uc774 5\uff5e15%\ub85c \ucd94\uc0b0\ub418\uc5c8\uc73c\uba70, \uc5f4\ub9e4\ub294 \ub354 \uc77c\ucc0d \uc131\uc219\ub418\uc5b4 \ub545\uc73c\ub85c \ub5a8\uc5b4\uc838 \ud488\uc9c8\uc774 \uc800\ud558\ub41c\ub2e4(Enkerlin et al., 1989). \uc774 \uacfc\uc2e4\ud30c\ub9ac\uac00 \uace0\uc720\uc885\uc778 \uc9c0\uc5ed\uacfc \ub9c8\ucc2c\uac00\uc9c0\ub85c, \ub300\ubc1c\uc0dd \uc0c1\ud669\uc5d0\uc11c \uacbd\uc81c\uc801 \uc601\ud5a5\uc740 \uc0dd\uc0b0\ub7c9 \uac10\uc18c, \uc99d\uac00\ub41c \ubc29\uc81c \ube44\uc6a9, \uc2dc\uc7a5 \uc0c1\uc2e4 \ub4f1\uc774 \uc788\ub2e4(CABI, 2022).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u25cb (\ud658\uacbd\uc801 \uc601\ud5a5) \uc9c0\uc911\ud574\uacfc\uc2e4\ud30c\ub9ac\uac00 \uc790\uc5f0 \ud658\uacbd\uc774\ub098 \ub2e4\ub978 \uc885\uc5d0 \ubbf8\uce58\ub294 \uc601\ud5a5\uc740 \uad00\ucc30\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc558\uc9c0\ub9cc, \ubaa8\ub9ac\uc154\uc2a4\uc640 \ub808\uc704\ub2c8\uc639\uc5d0\uc11c Ceratitis catoirii<\/em> \uac1c\uccb4\uad70\uc758 \uac10\uc18c\ub294 \ubd80\ubd84\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc9c0\uc911\ud574\uacfc\uc2e4\ud30c\ub9ac\uc640\uc758 \uacbd\uc7c1 \ub54c\ubb38\uc77c \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4(Duyck et al., 2006)(CABI, 2022).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u25cb (\uc0ac\ud68c\uc801 \uc601\ud5a5) \uc9c0\uc911\ud574\uacfc\uc2e4\ud30c\ub9ac\uc758 \uc874\uc7ac \ub610\ub294 \uc720\uc785\uc73c\ub85c \uc778\ud574 \uacfc\uc218 \uc7ac\ubc30\uc790\uc640 \uadf8 \uac00\uc871\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc0ac\ud68c\uc801 \uc601\ud5a5\uc740 \uc2ec\uac01\ud558\uba70, \uc8fc\ub85c \uc18c\ub4dd\uc758 \uac10\uc18c\ub098 \uc190\uc2e4 \ubc0f \ubc29\uc81c \ube44\uc6a9 \uc99d\uac00\ub85c \uc778\ud574 \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud55c\ub2e4. \uc2ec\uac01\ud55c \uac80\uc5ed\ud574\ucda9\uc73c\ub85c \uc778\uc2dd\ub418\uc5b4 \ubc1c\uc0dd\uc9c0\uc5ed\uc758 \uc0dd\uc0b0\uc790\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc2dc\uc7a5 \uc190\uc2e4\ub3c4 \uc2ec\uac01\ud55c \uacbd\uc6b0\uac00 \ub9ce\ub2e4(CABI, 2022).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

9. \uae30 \ud0c0<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u25cb (\uce68\uc785\uc704\ud5d8\uc131)  Ceratitis capitata<\/em>\ub294 \uce68\uc785\uc131\uc774 \ub9e4\uc6b0 \ub192\uc740 \uc885\uc774\ub2e4. \uc774\ub294 \ub192\uc740 \ubd84\uc0b0\ub2a5\ub825, \ub9e4\uc6b0 \ub113\uc740 \uae30\uc8fc\ubc94\uc704, \ube44\uad50\uc801 \ub113\uc740 \uc628\ub3c4\ubc94\uc704\uc5d0 \uac78\uccd0 \uc790\uc5f0 \uc11c\uc2dd\uc9c0\uc640 \uacbd\uc791\uc9c0 \ubaa8\ub450\uc5d0\uc11c \ub0b4\uc131\uc744 \uac00\uc9c0\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4. \uc774\ub294 \uc0dd\uc0b0, \ubc29\uc81c \ube44\uc6a9, \uc2dc\uc7a5 \uc811\uadfc\uc5d0 \uc601\ud5a5\uc744 \ubbf8\uccd0 \uacbd\uc81c\uc801 \uc601\ud5a5\uc774 \ub192\ub2e4. \uc5ec\ub7ec \ubc88\uc758 \uce68\uc785\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574 \uc138\uacc4 \uc5ec\ub7ec \uc9c0\uc5ed\uc5d0\uc11c \uc131\uacf5\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc815\ucc29\ud558\uc600\ub2e4. \ubd81\ubbf8 \uc9c0\uc5ed\uc73c\ub85c\uc758 \ube48\ubc88\ud55c \uce68\uc785\uc5d0\ub294 \uac12\ube44\uc2fc \ubc15\uba78 \uc870\uce58\uac00 \ud544\uc694\ud558\uba70, \ub9ce\uc740 \uad6d\uac00\uc5d0\uc11c \uad11\ubc94\uc704\ud55c \ubaa8\ub2c8\ud130\ub9c1 \ub124\ud2b8\uc6cc\ud06c\ub97c \uc720\uc9c0\ud558\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4. \uac00\uc7a5 \ud070 \uc704\ud5d8\uc740 \uc720\ucda9\uc774 \ud3ec\ud568\ub41c \uacfc\uc77c\uc744 \ud654\ubb3c\uc758 \uc77c\ubd80\ub85c \uc218\uc785\ud558\uac70\ub098 \ud56d\uacf5\uae30 \ud0d1\uc2b9\uac1d\uc758 \uc218\ud558\ubb3c \ub610\ub294 \uc6b0\ud3b8\ubb3c\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574 \uacfc\uc77c\uc744 \ubc00\uc218\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. \uc608\ub97c \ub4e4\uc5b4, \ub274\uc9c8\ub79c\ub4dc\uc5d0\uc11c Baker and Cowley (1991)\ub294 \ud654\ubb3c\uc5d0\uc11c \uc5f0\uac04 7\uff5e33\ubc88\uc758 \uacfc\uc2e4\ud30c\ub9ac \uac80\ucd9c\uacfc \uc2b9\uac1d \uc218\ud558\ubb3c\uc5d0\uc11c \uc5f0\uac04 10\uff5e28\ubc88\uc758 \uacfc\uc2e4\ud30c\ub9ac \uac80\ucd9c\uc744 \uae30\ub85d\ud588\ub2e4. \uacfc\uc77c\uc744 \uc131\uacf5\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ubc00\uc218\ud55c \uc0ac\ub78c\ub4e4\uc740 \uacfc\uc77c\uc774 \uc369\uc740 \uac83\uc744 \ubc1c\uacac\ud588\uc744 \ub54c \uadf8\uac83\uc744 \ubc84\ub9b4 \uac00\ub2a5\uc131\uc774 \ub192\ub2e4. \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uc720\uc785 \ubc29\ubc95\uc740 \ub9e4\ub144 \uce98\ub9ac\ud3ec\ub2c8\uc544\uc758 \ud2b8\ub7a9\uc5d0\uc11c \uc801\uc5b4\ub3c4 1\ub9c8\ub9ac\uc758 \uacfc\uc2e4\ud30c\ub9ac\uac00 \ubc1c\uacac\ub418\ub294 \uc774\uc720\ub97c \uc124\uba85\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \uc81c\uc548\ub418\uc5c8\uc9c0\ub9cc(Foote et al., 1993), \uc774 \uac1c\ub150\uc740 \uac70\uc758 \uac10\uc9c0\ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\ub294 \uc815\ucc29\ub41c \uac1c\uccb4\uad70\uc758 \uc874\uc7ac\uac00 \uc788\ub2e4\uace0 \uc81c\uc548\ud55c \ub2e4\ub978 \uc0ac\ub78c\ub4e4\uc5d0 \uc758\ud574 \uac15\ub825\ud558\uac8c \ube44\ud310\uc744 \ubc1b\uc558\ub2e4(Papadopoulos et al., 2013). \uc9c0\uc911\ud574\uacfc\uc2e4\ud30c\ub9ac\ub294 EPPO A2 \uac80\uc5ed\ud574\ucda9(EPPO, 1981)\uc774\uba70, \uc804\uc138\uacc4(CPPC, NAPPO, APPPC)\uc5d0 \uac78\uccd0 \ud2b9\ud788 \uc77c\ubcf8\uacfc \ubbf8\uad6d\uc5d0\uc11c \uac80\uc5ed\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uc758\ubbf8\ub97c \uc9c0\ub2cc \ud574\ucda9\uc774\ub2e4. \ubbf8\uad6d \ubcf8\ud1a0\uac00 \uc544\ub2cc \ud558\uc640\uc774\uc5d0 \uc874\uc7ac\ub294 \uac80\uc5ed\ud574\ucda9\uc73c\ub85c\uc11c \uad6d\uc81c\uc801 \uc778\uc9c0\ub3c4\ub97c \ub192\uc774\ub294 \ub370 \uae30\uc5ec\ud558\uc600\ub2e4. \uc544\uc2dc\uc544\ub97c \uc81c\uc678\ud55c \ubaa8\ub4e0 \uc5f4\ub300 \ubc0f \uc628\ub300 \uc9c0\uc5ed\uc5d0 \ub3c4\ub2ec\ud558\uc600\ub2e4. \uc77c\uc2dc\uc801\uc778 \uc678\ub798 \uac1c\uccb4\uad70\uc774\ub77c \ud560\uc9c0\ub77c\ub3c4 \uadf8 \uc874\uc7ac\ub294 \ub2e4\ub978 \ub300\ub959\uc758 \uac00\ud574\ub97c \ubc1b\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc740 \uc9c0\uc5ed\uc73c\ub85c \uacfc\uc77c\uc744 \uc218\ucd9c\ud558\ub294 \ub370 \uc2ec\uac01\ud55c \ucd94\uac00\uc801\uc778 \uc81c\ud55c\uc744 \ucd08\ub798\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4. \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uc810\uc5d0\uc11c \uc9c0\uc911\ud574\uacfc\uc2e4\ud30c\ub9ac\ub294 \uc544\uc9c1 \uc815\ucc29\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc740 \uc9c0\uc5ed\uc758 \uc5f4\ub300 \ub610\ub294 \uc628\ub300 \uc9c0\uc5ed\uc5d0 \uc788\uc5b4\uc11c \uac00\uc7a5 \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uac80\uc5ed\ud574\ucda9 \uc911 \ud558\ub098\uc774\ub2e4. Worner (1988)\ub294 \ub274\uc9c8\ub79c\ub4dc\uc5d0\uc11c \uc9c0\uc911\ud574\uacfc\uc2e4\ud30c\ub9ac\uc758 \uc7a0\uc7ac\uc801\uc778 \uc815\ucc29 \uc9c0\uc5ed\uc744 \ud3c9\uac00\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \uae30\ud6c4-\uc77c\uce58 \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c\uc778 CLIMEX\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc600\ub2e4. \ud638\uc8fc, \uc720\ub7fd, \ub0a8\ubbf8 \uc9c0\uc5ed\uc758 \uc801\ud569\uc131\uc740 CLIMEX (Vera et al., 2002)\uc640 \uc0c1\uad00\uc131\uc774 \uc788\ub294 \uc0dd\ubb3c\uae30\ud6c4\ud559\uc801 \ubc29\ubc95(De Meyer et al., 2007)\uc744 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \ud655\uc778\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uc9c0\uc911\ud574\uacfc\uc2e4\ud30c\ub9ac\uac00 \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud558\ub294 \uad6d\uac00\uc5d0\uc11c \uc218\uc785\ub41c \uacfc\uc77c\uc758 \uacbd\uc6b0 \uac00\ud574 \uc99d\uc0c1\uc774 \uc788\ub294\uc9c0 \uac80\uc0ac\ud574\uc57c \ud558\uba70, \uc758\uc2ec\ub418\ub294 \uacfc\uc77c\uc740 \uc720\ucda9\uc744 \ucc3e\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \uc808\uac1c\ud574\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4(CABI, 2022).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u25cb (\ubc95\uc801 \ubc29\uc81c) \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c\uc801 \uc811\uadfc\ubc29\uc2dd \ubc0f \uc218\ud655 \ud6c4 \ucc98\ub9ac\ub294 \ud604\uc7ac \uc9c0\uc911\ud574\uacfc\uc2e4\ud30c\ub9ac \ud574\ucda9\uc774 \uc874\uc7ac\ud558\ub294 \uad6d\uac00\uc5d0\uc11c \uc9c0\uc911\ud574\uacfc\uc2e4\ud30c\ub9ac\uc5d0 \ucde8\uc57d\ud55c \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \uac04\uc8fc\ub418\ub294 \uacfc\uc77c \uc0c1\ud488\uc758 \uc218\uc785 \ud504\ub85c\ud1a0\ucf5c\uc5d0 \uc774\uc6a9\ub41c\ub2e4. \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c\uc801 \uc811\uadfc\ubc29\uc2dd\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uc218\ud655 \uc804 \ubc0f\/\ub610\ub294 \uc218\ud655 \ud6c4 \uc870\uce58\ub97c \ud3ec\ud568\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \ucd5c\uc18c\ud55c 2\uac1c\uc758 \ub3c5\ub9bd\uc801\uc778 \uc704\ud5d8\uc644\ud654\uc870\uce58\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud574\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4. \uc9c0\uc911\ud574\uacfc\uc2e4\ud30c\ub9ac\uc758 \uc704\ud5d8\uc744 \uc644\ud654\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \uc218\ud655 \uc804 \ubc29\uc81c \uc870\uce58\ub294 \uc544\ub798\uc5d0 \uc81c\uacf5\ub418\uc5b4 \uc788\ub2e4. \uc9c0\uc911\ud574\uacfc\uc2e4\ud30c\ub9ac\uc758 \ud6a8\uacfc\uc801\uc778 \ubc29\uc81c\ub97c \uc704\ud574 \uc218\ud655 \uc804 \uc870\uce58\uc758 \uc870\ud569\uc774 \uad8c\uc7a5\ub41c\ub2e4. \uc218\ud655 \ud6c4 \ucc98\ub9ac\ub85c\ub294 \ud6c8\uc99d\uc774\ub098 \uc5f4\ucc98\ub9ac(\uc99d\uc5f4 \ub610\ub294 \uc5f4\uc218)(USDA, 2016), \uc800\uc628\ucc98\ub9ac(USDA, 2016), \ubc29\uc0ac\uc120 \uc870\uc0ac(Armstrong and Couey, 1989)\uac00 \ud3ec\ud568\ub420 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4(CABI, 2022).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u25cb (\uc7ac\ubc30\uc801 \ubc29\uc81c \ubc0f \uc704\uc0dd\uc801 \ubc29\ubc95) \uc77c\ubc18\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uacfc\uc2e4\ud30c\ub9ac\ub958\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uac00\uc7a5 \ud6a8\uacfc\uc801\uc778 \ubc29\uc81c \uae30\uc220 \uc911 \ud558\ub098\ub294 \uacfc\uc77c\uc744 \uc2e0\ubb38\uc9c0\ub098 \uc885\uc774\ubd09\uc9c0, \uae38\uace0\/\uc587\uc740 \uacfc\uc77c\uc758 \uacbd\uc6b0 \ud3f4\ub9ac\uc5d0\ud2f8\ub80c \ucf00\uc774\uc2a4\ub85c \uc50c\uc6b0\ub294 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. \uc774\uac83\uc740 \uc0b0\ub780\uc744 \ub9c9\ub294 \ub2e8\uc21c\ud55c \ubb3c\ub9ac\uc801 \uc7a5\ubcbd\uc774\uc9c0\ub9cc, \uacfc\uc77c\uc774 \uacf5\uaca9\uc744 \ubc1b\uae30 \uc804\uc5d0 \uc801\uc6a9\ud574\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4. \ud574\ucda9\uc758 \uc7a0\uc7ac\uc801 \ubc88\uc2dd\uc7a5\uc18c\ub97c \uc81c\uac70\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \uacfc\uc77c \uc7ac\ubc30\uc9c0\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \ub5a8\uc5b4\uc9c4 \uacfc\uc77c\uc774\ub098 \uc218\ud655 \ud6c4 \ub0a8\uc740 \uacfc\uc77c\uc744 \uc81c\uac70\ud558\uace0 \ud3d0\uae30\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \uc88b\ub2e4. \uc81c\uac70\ub41c \uacfc\uc77c\uc740 \ubbf8\uc131\uc219 \ub2e8\uacc4\ub97c \ud6a8\uacfc\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc8fd\uc774\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \uc798\uac8c \uac08\uc544\uc11c \uacfc\uc77c \uc7ac\ubc30\uc9c0\uc5d0\uc11c \ub5a8\uc5b4\uc9c4 \uacf3\uc5d0 \ud587\ube5b\uc5d0 \ubfcc\ub9ac\uac70\ub098 \ud1a0\uc591 \uc18d \uae4a\uac8c(\ud45c\uba74\uc5d0\uc11c \ucd5c\uc18c 0.5m \uc544\ub798) \ud30c\ubb3b\uc5b4\uc57c\ub9cc \ud55c\ub2e4(CABI, 2022).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u25cb (\ud654\ud559\uc801 \ubc29\uc81c) \uc804\uccb4 \uc791\ubb3c\uc758 \uc804\uba74 \uc0b4\ud3ec\uac00 \ub54c\ub54c\ub85c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ub418\uc9c0\ub9cc, \ubbf8\ub07c\uc0b4\ud3ec\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \ub354 \uacbd\uc81c\uc801\uc774\uace0 \ud658\uacbd\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ub354 \uc801\ud569\ud558\ub2e4. \ubbf8\ub07c\uc0b4\ud3ec\ub294 \ub2e8\ubc31\uc9c8 \ubbf8\ub07c\uc640 \ud63c\ud569\ub41c \uc801\uc808\ud55c \uc0b4\ucda9\uc81c(\uc608: \ub9d0\ub77c\ud2f0\uc628, \uc2a4\ud53c\ub178\uc0ac\ub4dc, \uc2dc\uc548\ud2b8\ub77c\ub2d0\ub9ac\ud504\ub864)\ub85c \uad6c\uc131\ub41c\ub2e4. \uacfc\uc2e4\ud30c\ub9ac\uc758 \uc218\ucef7\uacfc \uc554\ucef7 \ubaa8\ub450 \uc554\ubaa8\ub2c8\uc544\ub97c \ubc29\ucd9c\ud558\ub294 \ub2e8\ubc31\uc9c8\uc6d0\uc5d0 \ub04c\ub9ac\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0 \uc0b4\ucda9\uc81c\ub97c \uacfc\uc218\uc6d0\uc758 \uba87 \uac1c \uc9c0\uc810\uc5d0\ub9cc \uc124\uce58\ud558\uc5ec\ub3c4 \ud30c\ub9ac\ub4e4\uc774 \uc774 \uc9c0\uc810\uc73c\ub85c \uc720\uc778\ub41c\ub2e4. \uac00\uc7a5 \ub110\ub9ac \uc0ac\uc6a9\ub418\ub294 \ub2e8\ubc31\uc9c8\uc740 \uac00\uc218\ubd84\ud574\ub41c \ub2e8\ubc31\uc9c8\uc774\uc9c0\ub9cc, \uc774\uac83\uc758 \uc77c\ubd80 \uacf5\uae09\uc6d0\uc740 \uac00\uc218\ubd84\ud574\ub41c \uc0b0\uc73c\ub85c \ub192\uc740 \uc57d\ud574\uac00 \uc788\ub2e4. Smith and Nannan (1988)\uc740 \uc790\uac00\ubd84\ud574\ub41c \ub2e8\ubc31\uc9c8\uc744 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\ub294 \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c\uc744 \uac1c\ubc1c\ud558\uc600\ub2e4. \ub9d0\ub808\uc774\uc2dc\uc544\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uc774\uac83\uc774 \uc591\uc870\uc7a5 \ud3d0\uae30\ubb3c\uc5d0\uc11c \ud30c\uc0dd\ub41c \ub9e4\uc6b0 \ud6a8\uacfc\uc801\uc778 \uc0c1\uc5c5 \uc81c\ud488\uc73c\ub85c \uac1c\ubc1c\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4(Bactrocera<\/em> spp.\ub97c \uc704\ud574 \uac1c\ubc1c\ub428). \ub2e8\ubc31\uc9c8 \uae30\ubc18 \uc720\uc778\ubb3c\uc9c8\uacfc \uc0b4\ucda9\uc81c\uac00 \ud3ec\ud568\ub41c \uc7a5\uce58\uc778 \ubbf8\ub07c \uc2a4\ud14c\uc774\uc158\ub3c4 \ub9ce\uc740 \uacfc\uc77c \uc7ac\ubc30\uc9c0\uc5d0\uc11c \uc9c0\uc911\ud574\uacfc\uc2e4\ud30c\ub9ac\ub97c \ubc29\uc81c\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \uc810\uc810 \ub354 \ub9ce\uc774 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ub418\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4. \ucd18\ucd18\ud558\uac8c \ubc30\uce58\ub41c \ubbf8\ub07c \ud2b8\ub7a9(\uc0b4\ucda9\uc81c \uc0ac\uc6a9 \uc548\ud568)\uc744 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \uc554\ucef7\uacfc \uc218\ucef7\uc744 \ub300\ub7c9\uc73c\ub85c \ud3ec\ud68d\ud558\ub294 \ubc29\ubc95\uc774 \uc9c0\uc911\ud574 \uc9c0\uc5ed\uc5d0\uc11c \uad11\ubc94\uc704\ud558\uac8c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ub418\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4(Navarro-Llopis et al., 2008)(CABI, 2022).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u25cb (\ubd88\uc784\ucda9 \uae30\uc220) \ubd88\uc784\ucda9 \uae30\uc220(SIT)\uc740 \uc57c\uc0dd \uc554\ucef7\uc774 \ubd88\uc784 \uc218\ucef7\uacfc \uad50\ubbf8\ud560 \uac00\ub2a5\uc131\uc774 \ub192\ub3c4\ub85d \uc218\ubc31\ub9cc \ub9c8\ub9ac\uc758 \ubd88\uc784\uc2dc\ud0a8 \uacfc\uc2e4\ud30c\ub9ac\ub97c \uc57c\uc0dd \uac1c\uccb4\uad70\uc5d0 \ubc29\uc0ac\ud574\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4(Gilmore, 1989). SIT\ub294 \uc544\ub974\ud5e8\ud2f0\ub098, \ud638\uc8fc, \ube0c\ub77c\uc9c8, \ucf54\uc2a4\ud0c0\ub9ac\uce74, \uc774\ud0c8\ub9ac\uc544, \uc774\uc2a4\ub77c\uc5d8, \uc694\ub974\ub2e8, \uba55\uc2dc\ucf54, \ub2c8\uce74\ub77c\uacfc, \ud314\ub808\uc2a4\ud0c0\uc778, \ud398\ub8e8, \ud3ec\ub974\ud22c\uac08, \uc2a4\ud398\uc778, \ub0a8\uc544\ud504\ub9ac\uce74, \ud280\ub2c8\uc9c0 \ubc0f \ubbf8\uad6d(\uce98\ub9ac\ud3ec\ub2c8\uc544 \ubc0f \ud558\uc640\uc774)\uc5d0\uc11c \uc9c0\uc911\ud574\uacfc\uc2e4\ud30c\ub9ac\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4(Klassen and Curtis, 2005). \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \ud504\ub85c\uadf8\ub7a8 \uc911 \uac00\uc7a5 \ud070 \ud504\ub85c\uadf8\ub7a8(Programa Moscamed)\uc740 \uba55\uc2dc\ucf54 \ub0a8\ubd80\uc5d0\uc11c \uc218\ud589\ub418\uace0 \uc788\uc73c\uba70, \uacfc\uc2e4\ud30c\ub9ac\uac00 \ubd81\ucabd\uc73c\ub85c \ud37c\uc9c0\ub294 \uac83\uc744 \ub9c9\uace0 \uad81\uadf9\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc911\ubbf8\uc5d0\uc11c \uacfc\uc2e4\ud30c\ub9ac\ub97c \ubc15\uba78\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \uace0\uc548\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4(Schwarz et al., 1989). SIT\ub294 \uc218\ubc31\ub9cc \ub9c8\ub9ac\uc758 \ubd88\uc784\uc2dc\ud0a8 \uacfc\uc2e4\ud30c\ub9ac\ub97c \ub300\ub7c9\uc0ac\uc721\ud558\ub294 \ub2a5\ub825\uc5d0 \uc758\uc874\ud558\uba70, Vargas (1989)\ub294 \ud544\uc694\ud55c \uc808\ucc28\ub97c \uac80\ud1a0\ud558\uc600\ub2e4. \uace4\ucda9\uc0dd\uc7a5\uc870\uc815\uc81c\uc778 lufenuron\uc744 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \uc57c\uc0dd \uc554\ucef7\uacfc \uc218\ucef7\uc758 \ud654\ud559\uc801\ubd88\uc784\uc740 \uc9c0\uc911\ud574\uacfc\uc2e4\ud30c\ub9ac\ub97c \ubd09\uc1c4\ud560 \uac00\ub2a5\uc131\uc774 \uc788\uc74c\uc744 \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc900\ub2e4. lufenuron\uc744 \uba39\uc778 \uc554\ucef7 \ub610\ub294 lufenuron\uc744 \uba39\uc778 \uc218\ucef7\uacfc \uad50\ubc30\ud55c \uc554\ucef7\uc740 \uc54c\uc758 \ubd80\ud654\ub97c \uc904\uc774\uac70\ub098 \ub9c9\uc744 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4(Casa\u00f1a-Giner et al., 1999). lufenuron\uc744 \uba39\uc774\uc5d0 \uae30\ubc18\ud55c \uc720\uc778\ubb3c\uc9c8\uacfc \ud63c\ud569\ud55c \ud604\uc7a5\uc2dc\ud5d8\uc5d0\uc11c \uc774 \uae30\uc220\uc758 \ud6a8\uacfc\uac00 \uc785\uc99d\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4(Navarro-Llopis et al., 2004; 2007; 2010)(CABI, 2022). \u25cb (\uc0dd\ubb3c\uc801 \ubc29\uc81c) \uc9c0\uc911\ud574\uacfc\uc2e4\ud30c\ub9ac\uc758 \uc0dd\ubb3c\uc801 \ubc29\uc81c\uac00 \uc2dc\ub3c4\ub418\uc5c8\uc9c0\ub9cc, \ub3c4\uc785\ub41c \ud3ec\uc2dd\uae30\uc0dd\uc790\ub294 \uac70\uc758 \uc601\ud5a5\uc744 \ubbf8\uc9c0\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc558\ub2e4. \uc9c0\uc911\ud574\uacfc\uc2e4\ud30c\ub9ac\ub294 \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \uace4\ucda9\ubcd1\uc6d0\uc131 \uc9c4\uade0\uacfc \uc120\ucda9\ub958(\ucc9c\uc801 \ucc38\uc870)\uc5d0 \ucde8\uc57d\ud558\uba70, \uc77c\ubc18\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc720\ucda9\uacfc \uc131\ucda9\uc758 \uc0ac\ub9dd\ub960\uc774 \ubc88\ub370\uae30\uc758 \uc0ac\ub9dd\ub960\ubcf4\ub2e4 \ub192\ub2e4. \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \ubcd1\uc6d0\uccb4 \ub610\ub294 \uae30\uc0dd\uc790\ub97c \ud3ec\ud568\ud558\ub294 \uc0c1\uc5c5\uc801\uc778 \uc0b4\ud3ec\uc81c\uac00 \uac1c\ubc1c\ub418\uace0 \uc788\uc73c\uba70, \uc9c0\uc911\ud574\uacfc\uc2e4\ud30c\ub9ac\uc758 \ubc29\uc81c\uc5d0 \uc720\uc6a9\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4(CABI, 2022).<\/p>\n<\/details>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann, 1824)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":56,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"_themeisle_gutenberg_block_has_review":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-quarantine"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cisip.xyz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cisip.xyz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cisip.xyz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cisip.xyz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cisip.xyz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/cisip.xyz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":198,"href":"https:\/\/cisip.xyz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1\/revisions\/198"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cisip.xyz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/56"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cisip.xyz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cisip.xyz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cisip.xyz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}